# refs

id: GO_REF:0000021
data:
  {"abstract":"Current genetic and molecular studies in many model organisms are aimed at understanding formation and development of the nervous system. Up until this point, the GO has had a very shallow representation of processes pertaining to the nervous system. In June 2006, curators from MGI and ZFIN met with researchers studying central nervous system development to improve the representation of these processes in GO. In particular, emphasis was placed on three areas that are being addressed actively in current research: forebrain development, hindbrain development and neural tube development. This collaboration resulted in the addition of over 500 terms that reflect the development of the forebrain, the hindbrain, and the neural tube from the perspective of biological process and anatomical structure.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Judith Blake (1, 2), William Bug (3), Rex Chisholm (1, 4), Jennifer Clark (1, 5), Erika Feltrin (6), Jacqueline Finger (2), David Hill (1, 2), Midori Harris (1, 5), Terry Hayamizu (2), Doug Howe (9), Maryanne Martone (7), Kathleen Millen (8), Francis Sele (4) (1. The Gene Ontology Consortium, 2. Mouse Genome Informatics, Bar Harbor, ME, 3. Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 4. Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 5. EMBL-EBI, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK, 6. The University of Padua, Padua, Italy, 7. The University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, 8. The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 9. The Zebrafish Information Network, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR)","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Improving the representation of central nervous system development in the biological process ontology","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000021"}


id: PMID:20368354
data:
  {"abstract":"Dimorphic yeasts change between unicellular growth and filamentous growth. Many dimorphic yeasts species are pathogenic for humans and plants, being infectious as invasive hypha. We have studied the determinants of the dimorphic switch in the nonpathogenic fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus, which is evolutionarily close to the well-characterized fission yeast S. pombe. We report that camptothecin, an inhibitor of topoisomerase I, reversibly induced the unicellular to hyphal transition in S. japonicus at low concentrations of camptothecin that did not induce checkpoint arrest and the transition required the DNA checkpoint kinase Chk1. Furthermore, a mutation of chk1 induced hyphal transition without camptothecin. Thus, we identify a second function for Chk1 distinct from its role in checkpoint arrest. Activation of the switch from single cell bipolar growth to monopolar filamentous growth may assist cells to evade the source of DNA damage.","alleles_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_01410:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_01410","name":"rad51delta","uniquename":"SJAG_01410:allele-1"},"SJAG_01605:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_01605","name":"rad9delta","uniquename":"SJAG_01605:allele-1"},"SJAG_01680:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_01680","name":"chk1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_01680:allele-1"},"SJAG_01680:allele-2":{"allele_type":"amino_acid_mutation","description":"P470L","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_01680","name":"chk1-P470L","synonyms":[{"name":"chk1- hyperactive (chk1-hyp)","reference":"PMID:23090706","type":"exact"},{"name":"chk1-hyperactive (chk1-hyp)","reference":"PMID:20368354","type":"exact"}],"uniquename":"SJAG_01680:allele-2"}},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":6,"community_curator":true,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Sho Okamoto","orcid":null}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2022-11-21","authors":"Furuya K, Niki H","authors_abbrev":"Furuya K et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2022-11-21 16:35:04","canto_curator_name":"Sho Okamoto","canto_curator_role":"community","canto_first_approved_date":"2022-11-21 16:35:04","canto_session_key":"f81a194894ea8808","canto_session_submitted_date":"2022-11-21 16:34:55","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"Mol Cell Biol 2010 Jun;30(12):2909-17","cv_annotations":{"single_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115658,115662],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007782"},{"annotations":[115657],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007774"},{"annotations":[115659,115660,115661],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000085"}]},"doi":"10.1128/MCB.00049-10","gene_count":3,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_01410":null,"SJAG_01605":null,"SJAG_01680":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{"chk1-P470L-P470L-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type":{"display_name":"chk1-P470L(aa)","display_uniquename":"chk1-P470L-P470L-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01680:allele-2","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]}]},"chk1delta":{"display_name":"chk1delta","display_uniquename":"chk1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01680:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"rad51delta":{"display_name":"rad51delta","display_uniquename":"rad51delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01410:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"rad9delta":{"display_name":"rad9delta","display_uniquename":"rad9delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01605:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]}},"ltp_gene_count":3,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2010","pubmed_entrez_date":"2010-04-07","pubmed_publication_date":"Jun 2010","references_by_uniquename":{"PMID:20368354":null,"PMID:23090706":null},"terms_by_termid":{"FYECO:0000005":null,"FYECO:0000137":null,"FYECO:0000314":null,"FYPO:0000085":null,"FYPO:0007774":null,"FYPO:0007782":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000001":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000002":null},"title":"The DNA damage checkpoint regulates a transition between yeast and hyphal growth in Schizosaccharomyces japonicus.","uniquename":"PMID:20368354"}


id: GO_REF:0000003
data:
  {"abstract":"Transitive assignment using Enzyme Commission identifiers. This method is used for any database entry, such as a protein record in UniProtKB or TrEMBL, that has had an Enzyme Commission number assigned. The corresponding GO term is determined using the EC cross-references in the GO molecular function ontology. Also see Hill et al., Genomics (2001) 74:121-128. The mapping file is available at http://www.geneontology.org/external2go/ec2go.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GOA curators, MGI curators","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{"molecular_function":[{"annotations":[67318],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0003870"},{"annotations":[64911],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0003986"},{"annotations":[69184],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0003925"},{"annotations":[59189],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0043864"},{"annotations":[65750],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0052832"},{"annotations":[65751],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0052833"},{"annotations":[68798],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:1990817"},{"annotations":[61255],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0102389"},{"annotations":[60063],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0003983"}]},"gene_count":8,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_00097":null,"SJAG_02178":null,"SJAG_02383":null,"SJAG_02721":null,"SJAG_02985":null,"SJAG_03739":null,"SJAG_04509":null,"SJAG_04954":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{"GO:0003870":null,"GO:0003925":null,"GO:0003983":null,"GO:0003986":null,"GO:0043864":null,"GO:0052832":null,"GO:0052833":null,"GO:0102389":null,"GO:1990817":null},"title":"Gene Ontology annotation based on Enzyme Commission mapping","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000003"}


id: GO_REF:0000054
data:
  {"abstract":"LIFEdb is a database that was created to manage the experimental data produced by the German Cancer Research Institute (DKFZ) and its collaborators, from work on cDNAs contained in the German cDNA Consortium collection. <br>A novel cloning technology was used to rapidly generate N- and C-terminal green fluorescent protein fusions of cDNAs to examine the intracellular localizations of expressed fusion proteins in living cells. GO Cellular Component terms are manually assigned by curators studying fluorescence microscope images of cells labelled with GFP-fused cDNAs. Protein coding regions of novel full length cDNAs are tagged with the coding sequence of the green fluorescent protein, the fusion proteins are then expressed and analyzed for their subcellular localization. <br>Prior to February 2013, all LIFEdb annotations were referenced by PMID: 11256614 (Simpson et al. 2000 EMBO Rep. 1:287-292), a paper describing the protein subcellular localization pilot study and methodology used by LIFEdb. However, it has been decided that these annotations are more correctly described by a GO reference. <br>Resource URL: http://www.dkfz.de/en/mga/Groups/LIFEdb-Database.html <br>Protein subcellular localization images can be viewed on the LIFEdb website, http://www.dkfz.de/gpcf/lifedb.php","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"LIFEdb","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Gene Ontology annotation based on curation of intracellular localizations of expressed fusion proteins in living cells.","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000054"}


id: PMID:28733395
data:
  {"abstract":" Schizosaccharomyces japonicus  is a dimorphic yeast. Depending on the nutrient conditions, the transition between growth as yeast cells and growth as hyphal cells can be reversibly induced. In addition to nutrient stress, induced DNA lesions, such as those produced by camptothecin, also induce hyphal growth regardless of the nutrient status. This protocol describes both methods of induction.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Niki H","authors_abbrev":"Niki H","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Method or reagent","citation":"Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2017 Dec 01;2017(12):pdb.prot091868","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.1101/pdb.prot091868","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2017","pubmed_entrez_date":"2017-07-23","pubmed_publication_date":"01 Dec 2017","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Induction of Hyphal Growth in  Schizosaccharomyces japonicus .","uniquename":"PMID:28733395"}


id: PMID:32265131
data:
  {"abstract":"The N- and O-linked oligosaccharides from fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe not only contain large amounts of d-mannose (Man) but also contain large amounts of d-galactose (Gal). Although the galactomannans of S. pombe are mainly composed of α1,2- or α1,3-linked Gals, some of the terminal α1,2-linked Gals are found to be linked to pyruvylated β1,3-linked galactose (PvGal). We have determined the structural characteristics of the N-glycans and O-glycans in three Schizosaccharomyces species (S. japonicus, S. octosporus, and S. cryophilus) using lectin blot,  1 H NMR spectroscopy, and size-fractionation high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and found that the galactosylation of oligosaccharides was a common feature in fission yeasts. In addition, each of the terminal Galα1,2-, Galβ1,3- and non-substituted Man residues exhibited distinct characteristics. A BLAST search of gene databases in Schizosaccharomyces identified genes homologous to pvg1 encoding pyruvyltransferase of S. pombe. These genes, when expressed in an S. pombe pvg1Δ strains, led to the pyruvylation of non-reducing terminal β-linked Gal, suggesting the biosynthetic pathway of PvGal-containing oligosaccharides is highly conserved in fission yeasts.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Fukunaga T, Tanaka N, Furumoto T, Nakakita S, Ohashi T, Higuchi Y, Maekawa H, Takegawa K","authors_abbrev":"Fukunaga T et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Cell composition or WT feature","citation":"J Biosci Bioeng 2020 Aug;130(2):128-136","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.1016/j.jbiosc.2020.03.008","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2020","pubmed_entrez_date":"2020-04-09","pubmed_publication_date":"Aug 2020","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Characterization of N- and O-linked galactosylated oligosaccharides from fission yeast species.","uniquename":"PMID:32265131"}


id: GO_REF:0000105
data:
  {"abstract":"Gene Ontology annotation based on predicted cytoplasmic tRNAs using tRNAscan-SE analysis (doi: 10.1093/nar/25.5.0955) of the Drosophila melanogaster genome (2002). Annotations have been reviewed by FlyBase (2015) and found to be consistent when compared with the most recent tRNAscan-SE analysis of the genome (http://gtrnadb.ucsc.edu/genomes/eukaryota/Dmela6/).","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"FlyBase","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Gene Ontology annotation of transfer RNAs based on tRNAscan-SE analysis of the Drosophila melanogaster genome (2002).","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000105"}


id: PMID:30664646
data:
  {"abstract":"Cells of a specific cell type may divide within a certain size range. Yet, functionally optimal cellular organization is typically maintained across different cell sizes, a phenomenon known as scaling. The mechanisms underlying scaling and its physiological significance remain elusive. Here we approach this problem by interfering with scaling in the rod-shaped fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus that relies on cellular geometry cues to position the division site. We show that S. japonicus uses the Cdc42 polarity module to adjust its geometry to changes in the cell size. When scaling is prevented resulting in abnormal cellular length-to-width aspect ratio, cells exhibit severe division site placement defects. We further show that despite the generally accepted view, a similar scaling phenomenon can occur in the sister species, Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Our results demonstrate that scaling is required for normal cell function and delineate possible rules for cellular geometry maintenance in populations of proliferating cells.","alleles_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_00028:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_00028","name":"rga6delta","uniquename":"SJAG_00028:allele-1"},"SJAG_00514:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_00514","name":"scd1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_00514:allele-1"},"SJAG_03048:allele-1":{"allele_type":"amino_acid_mutation","description":"G146D","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03048","name":"cdc2-1w","uniquename":"SJAG_03048:allele-1"},"SJAG_03581:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03581","name":"gef1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_03581:allele-1"},"SJAG_04280:allele-1":{"allele_type":"amino_acid_mutation","description":"T582G","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_04280","name":"wee1-as8","uniquename":"SJAG_04280:allele-1"},"SJAG_04280:allele-2":{"allele_type":"amino_acid_mutation","description":"G788E","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_04280","name":"wee1-G788E","uniquename":"SJAG_04280:allele-2"},"SJAG_04522:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_04522","name":"rga4delta","uniquename":"SJAG_04522:allele-1"}},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":3,"community_curator":false,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Val Wood","orcid":"0000-0001-6330-7526"},{"annotation_count":22,"community_curator":true,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Ying Gu","orcid":null}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2021-07-02","authors":"Gu Y, Oliferenko S","authors_abbrev":"Gu Y et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 02:37:31","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2021-09-01 07:53:28","canto_curator_name":"Ying Gu","canto_curator_role":"community","canto_first_approved_date":"2021-07-02 12:32:27","canto_session_key":"0922e2a5229110bd","canto_session_submitted_date":"2021-06-30 22:18:13","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"Nat Commun 2019 01 21;10(1):268","cv_annotations":{"biological_process":[{"annotations":[115551],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0061171"},{"annotations":[115552,115553],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0008360"}],"multi_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115539,115544],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007783"},{"annotations":[115550],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0004105"},{"annotations":[115541],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001369"},{"annotations":[115543],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0004293"}],"single_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115545],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000198"},{"annotations":[115546,115547,115549],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0005503"},{"annotations":[115540],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007783"},{"annotations":[115534],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0004105"},{"annotations":[115548],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0002870"},{"annotations":[115542],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001369"},{"annotations":[115535],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001234"},{"annotations":[115529,115530,115533],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000648"},{"annotations":[115531,115532,115538],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001877"},{"annotations":[115536,115537],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0006616"}]},"doi":"10.1038/s41467-018-08218-2","gene_count":8,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_00028":null,"SJAG_00030":null,"SJAG_00514":null,"SJAG_01794":null,"SJAG_03048":null,"SJAG_03581":null,"SJAG_04280":null,"SJAG_04522":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{"cdc2-1w-G146D-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type":{"display_name":"cdc2-1w(G146D aa)","display_uniquename":"cdc2-1w-G146D-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03048:allele-1","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]}]},"gef1delta":{"display_name":"gef1delta","display_uniquename":"gef1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03581:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"rga4delta":{"display_name":"rga4delta","display_uniquename":"rga4delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04522:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"rga4delta__rga6delta":{"display_name":"rga4delta rga6delta","display_uniquename":"rga4delta__rga6delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04522:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]},{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_00028:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"rga4delta__wee1-G788E-G788E-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type":{"display_name":"rga4delta wee1-G788E(aa)","display_uniquename":"rga4delta__wee1-G788E-G788E-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04522:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]},{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04280:allele-2","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]}]},"rga4delta__wee1-as8-T582G-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type":{"display_name":"rga4delta wee1-as8(T582G aa)","display_uniquename":"rga4delta__wee1-as8-T582G-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04522:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]},{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04280:allele-1","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]}]},"rga6delta":{"display_name":"rga6delta","display_uniquename":"rga6delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_00028:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"rga6delta__wee1-as8-T582G-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type":{"display_name":"rga6delta wee1-as8(T582G aa)","display_uniquename":"rga6delta__wee1-as8-T582G-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_00028:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]},{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04280:allele-1","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]}]},"scd1delta":{"display_name":"scd1delta","display_uniquename":"scd1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_00514:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"wee1-G788E-G788E-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type":{"display_name":"wee1-G788E(aa)","display_uniquename":"wee1-G788E-G788E-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04280:allele-2","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]}]},"wee1-as8-T582G-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type":{"display_name":"wee1-as8(T582G aa)","display_uniquename":"wee1-as8-T582G-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04280:allele-1","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]}]}},"ltp_gene_count":6,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2019","pubmed_entrez_date":"2019-01-22","pubmed_publication_date":"21 01 2019","terms_by_termid":{"FYECO:0000004":null,"FYECO:0000005":null,"FYECO:0000006":null,"FYECO:0000103":null,"FYECO:0000126":null,"FYECO:0000137":null,"FYECO:0000338":null,"FYPO:0000198":null,"FYPO:0000648":null,"FYPO:0001234":null,"FYPO:0001369":null,"FYPO:0001877":null,"FYPO:0002870":null,"FYPO:0004105":null,"FYPO:0004293":null,"FYPO:0005503":null,"FYPO:0006616":null,"FYPO:0007783":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000001":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000002":null,"GO:0008360":null,"GO:0061171":null},"title":"Cellular geometry scaling ensures robust division site positioning.","uniquename":"PMID:30664646"}


id: GO_REF:0000089
data:
  {"abstract":"We have created a standard template for classes describing the single-organism and multi-organism biological processes. The underlying equivalence axiom templates are \"P and 'bearer_of' some PATO:0002487\" (single-organism) and \"P and 'bearer_of' some PATO:0002486\" (multi-organism), where P is a biological process.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO ontology editors","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Representation of single-organism and multi-organism biological processes in the Gene Ontology","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000089"}


id: PMID:26104357
data:
  {"abstract":"Cells of the highly diverged Schizosaccharomyces (S.) pombe and S. japonicus fission yeasts exist in one of two sex/mating types, called P (for plus) or M (for minus), specified by which allele, M or P, resides at mat1. The fission yeasts have evolved an elegant mechanism for switching P or M information at mat1 by a programmed DNA recombination event with a copy of one of the two silent mating-type genes residing nearby in the genome. The switching process is highly cell-cycle and generation dependent such that only one of four grandchildren of a cell switches mating type. Extensive studies of fission yeast established the natural DNA strand chirality at the mat1 locus as the primary basis of asymmetric cell division. The asymmetry results from a unique site- and strand-specific epigenetic \"imprint\" at mat1 installed in one of the two chromatids during DNA replication. The imprint is inherited by one daughter cell, maintained for one cell cycle, and is then used for initiating recombination during mat1 replication in the following cell cycle. This mechanism of cell-type switching is considered to be unique to these two organisms, but determining the operation of such a mechanism in other organisms has not been possible for technical reasons. This review summarizes recent exciting developments in the understanding of mating-type switching in fission yeasts and extends these observations to suggest how such a DNA strand-based epigenetic mechanism of cellular differentiation could also operate in diploid organisms. ","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Klar AJS, Ishikawa K, Moore S","authors_abbrev":"Klar AJS et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Review or comment","citation":"Microbiol Spectr 2014 Oct;2(5)","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.1128/microbiolspec.MDNA3-0003-2014","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2014","pubmed_entrez_date":"2015-06-25","pubmed_publication_date":"Oct 2014","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"A Unique DNA Recombination Mechanism of the Mating/Cell-type Switching of Fission Yeasts: a Review.","uniquename":"PMID:26104357"}


id: PMID:12236685
data:
  {"abstract":"Dimethyl dicarbonate (DMDC) was added to grape must and to synthetic media and results showed that, at 20 degrees C, 150 mg.L(-)(1) DMDC completely inhibited the fermentation of a grape must that was previously inoculated with 10(6) cells.mL(-)(1) Saccharomyces bayanus and Saccharomyces uvarum. Brettanomyces intermedius, Candida guilliermondii, Hansenula jadinii, Hansenula petersonii, Kloeckera apiculata, Pichia membranaefaciens, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were inhibited by 250 mg.L(-)(1). Candida valida was inhibited in the presence of 350 mg.L(-)(1), whereas Hanseniaspora osmophila, Saccharomycodes ludwigii, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and Zygosaccharomyces bailii required 400 mg.L(-)(1). Delay of fermentation (but not inhibition) was noted in the presence of 400 mg.L(-)(1) for the following cultures: Brettanomyces anomalus, Hanseniaspora uvarum, Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Schizosaccharomyces japonicus, Torulaspora delbrueckii, and Zygosaccharomyces florentinus. Acetobacter aceti and Lactobacillus sp. were completely inhibited using 1000 and 500 mg.L(-)(1) DMDC, respectively. The fermentation of a grape must inoculated with 10(6) cells.mL(-)(1) of different wine yeasts was delayed for 4 days after the prior addition of 200 mg.L(-)(1) of DMDC; 200 mg.L(-)(1) DMDC did not show any residual inhibitory effect after 12 h, nor did 300 mg.L(-)(1) 24 h after the addition. In cellar experiments, indigenously contaminated grape musts (with and without skins) showed a delay in fermentation of 48 h after the addition of only 50 mg.L(-)(1) DMDC. The possibility of using DMDC (as pure grade as commercially available) in grape must as a disinfectant for the decontamination of musts indigenously contaminated with wild yeast should be considered seriously, despite its apparent low solubility in water.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Delfini C, Gaia P, Schellino R, Strano M, Pagliara A, Ambrò S","authors_abbrev":"Delfini C et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Biotech","citation":"J Agric Food Chem 2002 Sep 25;50(20):5605-11","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2002","pubmed_entrez_date":"2002-09-19","pubmed_publication_date":"25 Sep 2002","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Fermentability of grape must after inhibition with dimethyl dicarbonate (DMDC).","uniquename":"PMID:12236685"}


id: GO_REF:0000064
data:
  {"abstract":"We have created a standard template for classes describing cell components as part of other cell components. The underlying equivalence axiom template is \"P and 'part_of' some W\", where P and W are cell components.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO ontology editors","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Representation of cell components as part of other cell components in the Gene Ontology","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000064"}


id: PMID:27678009
data:
  {"abstract":"The cAMP cascade plays an important role in several biological processes. Thus, study of its molecular details can contribute to a better understanding of these processes, treatment of diseases, or even finding antifungal drug targets. To gain further information about the PKA pathway, and its evolutionarily conserved and species-specific features, the central regulator pka1 gene, which encodes the cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit, was studied in the less known haplontic, dimorphic fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus. Namely, this species belongs to a highly divergent phylogenetic branch of fungi. Furthermore, S. japonicus had only a single copy pka1 gene in contrast to the budding yeasts. Therefore, the pka1 deleted mutant was created, whose RNA sequencing and phenotypic studies revealed that the Pka1 regulated at least 373 genes, among them further kinases, phosphatases and transcriptional regulators. It regulated elongation of hyphae, cell size, aging and stress response. Furthermore, half of the pka1 target genes seemed to be conserved in Schizosaccharomyces pombe and S. japonicus. However, there were oppositely regulated genes in the two closely related species. The target genes suggest that this single gene must be able to fulfill all the functions of TPK1-3 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Thus, our results shed light on certain similarities and differences of the PKA pathway of S. japonicus compared to the budding yeasts and confirmed the multifunctionality of the pka1 gene, but further experiments are needed to prove its involvement in the metabolic processes and transport.","alleles_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_04312:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_04312","name":"pka1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_04312:allele-1"}},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":6,"community_curator":false,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","orcid":"0000-0002-8138-6851"}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2021-07-07","authors":"Papp L, Sipiczki M, Miklós I","authors_abbrev":"Papp L et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2021-07-07 12:57:27","canto_curator_name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_first_approved_date":"2021-07-07 12:57:27","canto_session_key":"9dc3302039d46818","canto_session_submitted_date":"2021-07-07 12:56:39","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"Curr Genet 2017 Jun;63(3):487-497","cv_annotations":{"single_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115703],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007773"},{"annotations":[115702],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001122"},{"annotations":[115704],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000245"},{"annotations":[115706],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000097"},{"annotations":[115705],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000087"},{"annotations":[115707],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001214"}]},"doi":"10.1007/s00294-016-0651-x","gene_count":1,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_04312":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{"pka1delta":{"display_name":"pka1delta","display_uniquename":"pka1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04312:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]}},"ltp_gene_count":1,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2017","pubmed_entrez_date":"2016-09-29","pubmed_publication_date":"Jun 2017","terms_by_termid":{"FYECO:0000004":null,"FYECO:0000005":null,"FYECO:0000102":null,"FYECO:0000137":null,"FYPO:0000087":null,"FYPO:0000097":null,"FYPO:0000245":null,"FYPO:0001122":null,"FYPO:0001214":null,"FYPO:0007773":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000002":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000003":null},"title":"Expression pattern and phenotypic characterization of the mutant strain reveals target genes and processes regulated by pka1 in the dimorphic fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus.","uniquename":"PMID:27678009"}


id: GO_REF:0000069
data:
  {"abstract":"We have created a standard template for classes describing the transmembrane transport of a chemical entity (ChEBI) as a biological process. The underlying equivalence axiom template is \"GO:0055085 and 'transports or maintains localization of' some X\", where X is a chemical entity (CHEBI:24431). The approach to combine GO and ChEBI has been described in the following publication: PMID:23895341.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO ontology editors","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Representation of transmembrane transport of a chemical as biological process in the Gene Ontology","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000069"}


id: GO_REF:0000063
data:
  {"abstract":"We have created a standard template for classes describing processes regulated by other regulating processes. The underlying equivalence axiom template is \"R and 'results_in' some P\", where R is a biological process and P is a regulation of biological process subclass.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO ontology editors","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Representation of processes regulated by other regulating processes in the Gene Ontology","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000063"}


id: PMID:23150598
data:
  {"abstract":"A key question in developmental biology addresses the mechanism of asymmetric cell division. Asymmetry is crucial for generating cellular diversity required for development in multicellular organisms. As one of the potential mechanisms, chromosomally borne epigenetic difference between sister cells that changes mating/cell type has been demonstrated only in the Schizosaccharomyces pombe fission yeast. For technical reasons, it is nearly impossible to determine the existence of such a mechanism operating during embryonic development of multicellular organisms. Our work addresses whether such an epigenetic mechanism causes asymmetric cell division in the recently sequenced fission yeast, S. japonicus (with 36% GC content), which is highly diverged from the well-studied S. pombe species (with 44% GC content). We find that the genomic location and DNA sequences of the mating-type loci of S. japonicus differ vastly from those of the S. pombe species. Remarkably however, similar to S. pombe, the S. japonicus cells switch cell/mating type after undergoing two consecutive cycles of asymmetric cell divisions: only one among four \"granddaughter\" cells switches. The DNA-strand-specific epigenetic imprint at the mating-type locus1 initiates the recombination event, which is required for cellular differentiation. Therefore the S. pombe and S. japonicus mating systems provide the first two examples in which the intrinsic chirality of double helical structure of DNA forms the primary determinant of asymmetric cell division. Our results show that this unique strand-specific imprinting/segregation epigenetic mechanism for asymmetric cell division is evolutionary conserved. Motivated by these findings, we speculate that DNA-strand-specific epigenetic mechanisms might have evolved to dictate asymmetric cell division in diploid, higher eukaryotes as well.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Yu C, Bonaduce MJ, Klar AJ","authors_abbrev":"Yu C et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Cell composition or WT feature","citation":"Genetics 2013 Jan;193(1):85-94","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.1534/genetics.112.146233","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2013","pubmed_entrez_date":"2012-11-15","pubmed_publication_date":"Jan 2013","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Defining the epigenetic mechanism of asymmetric cell division of Schizosaccharomyces japonicus yeast.","uniquename":"PMID:23150598"}


id: PMID:33022982
data:
  {"abstract":"Nowadays commercial preparations of yeast polysaccharides (PSs), in particular mannoproteins, are widely used for wine colloidal and tartrate salt stabilization. In this context, the industry has developed different processes for the isolation and purification of PSs from the cell wall of  Saccharomyces cerevisiae . This yeast releases limited amounts of mannoproteins in the growth medium, thus making their direct isolation from the culture broth not economically feasible. On the contrary,  Schizosaccharomyces japonicus , a non- Saccharomyces  yeast isolated from wine, releases significant amounts of PSs during the alcoholic fermentation. In the present work, PSs released by  Sch. japonicus  were recovered from the growth medium by ultrafiltration and their impact on the wine colloidal stability was evaluated. Interestingly, these PSs contribute positively to the wine protein stability. The visible haziness of the heat-treated wine decreases as the concentration of added PSs increases. SDS-PAGE Gel electrophoresis results of the haze and of the supernatant after the heat stability test are consistent with the turbidity measurements. Moreover, particle size distributions of the heat-treated wines, as obtained by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), show a reduction in the average dimension of the protein aggregates as the concentration of added PSs increases.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Millarini V, Ignesti S, Cappelli S, Ferraro G, Adessi A, Zanoni B, Fratini E, Domizio P","authors_abbrev":"Millarini V et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Biotech","citation":"Foods 2020 Oct 03;9(10)","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.3390/foods9101407","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2020","pubmed_entrez_date":"2020-10-07","pubmed_publication_date":"03 Oct 2020","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Protection of Wine from Protein Haze Using  Schizosaccharomyces japonicus  Polysaccharides.","uniquename":"PMID:33022982"}


id: PMID:12402243
data:
  {"abstract":"The structure and localization of the microtubule organization centres (MTOCs) of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus var. japonicus were examined by fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy. Spindle pole bodies (SPBs), which are the fungal equivalent of centrosomes, of Sz. japonicus were visualized by immunofluorescent staining using a monoclonal anti-gamma-tubulin antibody. The behaviour of the SPBs during the cell cycle mostly coincided with previous reports on the most widely used fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. We cloned the gamma-tubulin gene from Sz. japonicus by PCR using redundant sets of primers corresponding to conserved regions of known gamma-tubulins. The predicted amino acid sequence of Sz. japonicus gamma-tubulin was most similar to the Sz. pombe gamma-tubulin. Under the electron microscope, the SPBs of Sz. japonicus were detected as electron-dense multilayered structures located just outside the nuclear envelope. The SPBs of Sz. japonicus were composed of three electron-dense layers and were surrounded by fuzzy material. Each layer showed structural changes according to the progression of the cell cycle. In mitotic cells, the SPBs were located on the fenestrae of the nuclear envelopes through which the mitotic spindle microtubules ran into the nucleoplasm. Our results show that Sz. japonicus is a very potent and attractive organism for the investigation of the microtubule nucleation system and morphogenesis in yeasts. The Accession No. for the nucleotide sequence of the Sz. japonicus gtb1(+) gene is AF159163.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Horio T, Kimura N, Basaki A, Tanaka Y, Noguchi T, Akashi T, Tanaka K","authors_abbrev":"Horio T et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Sequence feature or region","citation":"Yeast 2002 Nov;19(15):1335-50","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2002","pubmed_entrez_date":"2002-10-29","pubmed_publication_date":"Nov 2002","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Molecular and structural characterization of the spindle pole bodies in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus var japonicus.","uniquename":"PMID:12402243"}


id: PMID:25361970
data:
  {"abstract":"PomBase (http://www.pombase.org) is the model organism database for the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. PomBase provides a central hub for the fission yeast community, supporting both exploratory and hypothesis-driven research. It provides users easy access to data ranging from the sequence level, to molecular and phenotypic annotations, through to the display of genome-wide high-throughput studies. Recent improvements to the site extend annotation specificity, improve usability and allow for monthly data updates. Both in-house curators and community researchers provide manually curated data to PomBase. The genome browser provides access to published high-throughput data sets and the genomes of three additional Schizosaccharomyces species (Schizosaccharomyces cryophilus, Schizosaccharomyces japonicus and Schizosaccharomyces octosporus). ","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"McDowall MD, Harris MA, Lock A, Rutherford K, Staines DM, Bähler J, Kersey PJ, Oliver SG, Wood V","authors_abbrev":"McDowall MD et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Database","citation":"Nucleic Acids Res 2015 Jan;43(Database issue):D656-61","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.1093/nar/gku1040","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2015","pubmed_entrez_date":"2014-11-02","pubmed_publication_date":"Jan 2015","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"PomBase 2015: updates to the fission yeast database.","uniquename":"PMID:25361970"}


id: GO_REF:0000080
data:
  {"abstract":"We have created a standard template for classes describing the development of a plant structure as a biological process. The underlying equivalence axiom template is \"'anatomical structure development' and 'results in development of' some P\", where P is a plant anatomical entity (PO:0025131).","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO ontology editors","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Representation of plant development as biological process in the Gene Ontology","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000080"}


id: GO_REF:0000086
data:
  {"abstract":"We have created a standard template for classes describing the differentiation process for a cell type as a biological process. The underlying equivalence axiom template is \"GO:0030154 and 'results in acquisition of features of' some C\", where C is a native cell (CL:0000003).","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO ontology editors","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Representation of cell differentiation as biological process in the Gene Ontology","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000086"}


id: PMID:24184107
data:
  {"abstract":"During cellular proliferation, the mother nucleus divides into two daughters, each carrying a full complement of chromosomes and capable of driving the next cell cycle. Mitotic chromosome segregation must be coordinated with remodeling of other nuclear components, including the nuclear envelope (NE) and the non-membrane-bound nucleolus. Here, we show that in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus, which breaks and reforms the NE during mitosis, the evolutionary conserved LEM-domain protein Man1 promotes equal partitioning of the nuclear membrane, nucleolar remodeling, and efficient inheritance of the nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) by the daughter nuclei. Analyses of man1 mutants and results obtained using an artificial chromatin-nuclear pore tether suggest that Man1 may exert its function by linking the NPCs to segregating chromatin. By integrating the partitioning of the nuclear membrane and nucleolar material with chromosome segregation, cells build two nearly identical copies of the original nucleus.","alleles_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_01834:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_01834","name":"pom152delta","uniquename":"SJAG_01834:allele-1"},"SJAG_03449:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03449","name":"man1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_03449:allele-1"},"SJAG_03449:allele-2":{"allele_type":"partial_amino_acid_deletion","description":"man1DHEH","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03449","name":"Man1DHEH","uniquename":"SJAG_03449:allele-2"},"SJAG_03449:allele-3":{"allele_type":"amino_acid_insertion_and_deletion","description":"man1-1-488","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03449","name":"man1-1-488","uniquename":"SJAG_03449:allele-3"}},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":17,"community_curator":false,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","orcid":"0000-0002-8138-6851"},{"annotation_count":2,"community_curator":false,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Val Wood","orcid":"0000-0001-6330-7526"}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2021-07-27","authors":"Yam C, Gu Y, Oliferenko S","authors_abbrev":"Yam C et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 02:38:18","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2021-09-01 07:25:17","canto_curator_name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_first_approved_date":"2021-07-27 11:54:17","canto_session_key":"0f2dda384385121f","canto_session_submitted_date":"2021-07-27 11:54:10","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"Curr Biol 2013 Nov 18;23(22):2303-2310","cv_annotations":{"biological_process":[{"annotations":[115655],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0101024"}],"cellular_component":[{"annotations":[115640],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0000781"},{"annotations":[115639],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0140573"},{"annotations":[115642],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0005643"},{"annotations":[115641],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0030875"}],"molecular_function":[{"annotations":[115656],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0062239"}],"single_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115643,115648,115650],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0003779"},{"annotations":[115652,115653,115654],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000671"},{"annotations":[115645,115646,115647,115649],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0004890"},{"annotations":[115644],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001234"},{"annotations":[115651],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0004683"}]},"doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2013.09.057","gene_count":5,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_00302":null,"SJAG_01777":null,"SJAG_01834":null,"SJAG_03449":null,"SJAG_03603":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{"Man1DHEH-man1DHEH-partial_amino_acid_deletion-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type":{"display_name":"Man1DHEH(man1DHEH)","display_uniquename":"Man1DHEH-man1DHEH-partial_amino_acid_deletion-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03449:allele-2","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]}]},"man1-1-488-man1-1-488-amino_acid_insertion_and_deletion-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type":{"display_name":"man1-1-488(aa)","display_uniquename":"man1-1-488-man1-1-488-amino_acid_insertion_and_deletion-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03449:allele-3","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]}]},"man1delta":{"display_name":"man1delta","display_uniquename":"man1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03449:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"pom152delta":{"display_name":"pom152delta","display_uniquename":"pom152delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01834:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]}},"ltp_gene_count":5,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2013","pubmed_entrez_date":"2013-11-05","pubmed_publication_date":"18 Nov 2013","terms_by_termid":{"FYECO:0000005":null,"FYECO:0000162":null,"FYPO:0000671":null,"FYPO:0001234":null,"FYPO:0003779":null,"FYPO:0004683":null,"FYPO:0004890":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000001":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000002":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000003":null,"GO:0000781":null,"GO:0005643":null,"GO:0030875":null,"GO:0062239":null,"GO:0101024":null,"GO:0140573":null},"title":"Partitioning and remodeling of the Schizosaccharomyces japonicus mitotic nucleus require chromosome tethers.","uniquename":"PMID:24184107"}


id: GO_REF:0000110
data:
  {"abstract":"Gene Ontology annotation of Drosophila melanogaster nuclear genes encoding proteins targeted to the mitochondrion based on analysis by MitoDrome (http://mitodrome.ba.itb.cnr.it/) by comparison of human mitochondrial proteins available in SWISSPROT vs. the Drosophila genome, ESTs and cDNA sequences available in the FlyBase database (PMID:12520013).","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"FlyBase","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Gene Ontology annotation of Drosophila melanogaster nuclear genes encoding proteins targeted to the mitochondrion.","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000110"}


id: GO_REF:0000084
data:
  {"abstract":"We have created a standard template for classes describing the structural organization of a plant structure as a biological process. The underlying equivalence axiom template is \"'anatomical structure arrangement' and 'results in structural organization of' some P\", where P is a plant anatomical entity (PO:0025131).","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO ontology editors","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Representation of plant structural organization as biological process in the Gene Ontology","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000084"}


id: PMID:10379403
data:
  {"abstract":"The order Schizosaccharomycetales contains a dimorphic and two yeast species. Sch. japonicus can form both yeast cells and mycelium, depending on the substrate and the culturing conditions. Sch. pombe is a strictly unicellular organism, but it can be forced to form mycelial cell chains by inactivating members of the sep gene family. The mutations in most of the sep genes confer pleitropic phenotypes indicating functional involvement in MAP-kinase-mediated signalling pathways. Two of them were found to encode transcription factor homologues of other eukaryotes.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Sipiczki M, Grallert A, Miklós I, Zilahi E, Bozsik A, Szilágyi Z","authors_abbrev":"Sipiczki M et al.","canto_added_date":"2023-05-04 00:40:04","canto_annotation_status":"SESSION_CREATED","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_session_key":"eb5db4e2ead0caf4","canto_triage_status":"Cell composition or WT feature","citation":"Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 1999;46(2-3):297-302","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"1999","pubmed_entrez_date":"1999-06-24","pubmed_publication_date":"1999","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Genetics, physiology and cytology of yeast-mycelial dimorphism in fission yeasts.","uniquename":"PMID:10379403"}


id: PMID:20618870
data:
  {"abstract":"The genus Schizosaccharomyces is presently comprised of three species, namely Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Schizosaccharomyces octosporus and Schizosaccharomyces japonicus. Here, we describe a hitherto unknown species, Schizosaccharomyces cryophilus, named for its preference for growth at lower temperatures than the other fission yeast species. Although morphologically similar to S. octosporus, analysis of several rapidly evolving sequences, including the D1/D2 divergent domain of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene, the RNA subunit of RNAse P and the internal transcribed spacer elements, revealed significant divergence from any previously characterized Schizosaccharomyces strain. Based on phylogenetic analysis of the D1/D2 domain of the LSU rRNA gene, S. octosporus is the closest known relative of S. cryophilus, with the sequences of the two species differing by 25 nucleotide substitutions (>4%). Sequencing of the S. cryophilus genome and phylogenetic analysis of all 1 : 1 protein orthologs confirmed this observation, and together with morphological and physiological characterization, supports the assignment of S. cryophilus as a new species within the genus Schizosaccharomyces. The type strain of the new species is NRRL Y-48691(T) (=NBRC 106824(T)=CBS 11777(T)).","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Helston RM, Box JA, Tang W, Baumann P","authors_abbrev":"Helston RM et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Phylogeny and evolutionary studies","citation":"FEMS Yeast Res 2010 Sep;10(6):779-86","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.1111/j.1567-1364.2010.00657.x","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2010","pubmed_entrez_date":"2010-07-13","pubmed_publication_date":"Sep 2010","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Schizosaccharomyces cryophilus sp. nov., a new species of fission yeast.","uniquename":"PMID:20618870"}


id: PMID:35359202
data:
  {"abstract":"The fission yeast genus Schizosaccharomyces contains important model organisms for biological research. In particular, S. pombe is a widely used model eukaryote. So far little is known about the natural and artificial habitats of species in this genus. Finding out where S. pombe and other fission yeast species occur and how they live in their habitats can promote better understanding of their biology. Here we investigate in which substrates S. pombe, S. octosporus, S. osmophilus and S. japonicus are present. To this end about 2100 samples consisting of soil, tree sap fluxes, fresh fruit, dried fruit, honey, cacao beans, molasses and other substrates were analyzed. Effective isolation methods that allow efficient isolation of the above mentioned species were developed. Based on the frequency of isolating different fission yeast species in various substrates and on extensive literature survey, conclusions are drawn on their ecology. The results suggest that the primary habitat of S. pombe and S. octosporus is honeybee honey. Both species were also frequently detected on certain dried fruit like raisins, mango or pineapple to which they could be brought by the honey bees during ripening or during drying. While S. pombe was regularly isolated from grape mash and from fermented raw cacao beans S. octosporus was never isolated from fresh fruit. The main habitat of S. osmophilus seems to be solitary bee beebread. It was rarely isolated from raisins. S. japonicus was mainly found in forest substrates although it occurs on fruit and in fruit fermentations, too.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Brysch-Herzberg M, Jia GS, Seidel M, Assali I, Du LL","authors_abbrev":"Brysch-Herzberg M et al.","canto_added_date":"2023-05-04 00:40:04","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Phylogeny and evolutionary studies","citation":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2022 May;115(5):661-695","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.1007/s10482-022-01720-0","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2022","pubmed_entrez_date":"2022-04-01","pubmed_publication_date":"May 2022","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Insights into the ecology of Schizosaccharomyces species in natural and artificial habitats.","uniquename":"PMID:35359202"}


id: PMID:22641476
data:
  {"abstract":"Measuring relative genetic distances is one of the best ways to locate genetic loci. Here we report the construction of a strains set for genetic mapping in Schizosaccharomyces japonicus, which belongs to the genus Schizosaccharomyces together with the well-studied fission yeast Sz. pombe. We constructed 29 strains that bear a positive-negative selection marker at different loci. The marker was inserted every 500 kb in the genome of Sz. japonicus. Each marker thus becomes a 'scale mark' of a chromosome that behaves like a yardstick. By determining the genetic distances from the inserted markers, the relative location of a genomic mutation can be determined. We also constructed a fosmid library that covers an entire genome of Sz. japonicus. These tools together would facilitate identification and cloning of the gene.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Furuya K, Aoki K, Niki H","authors_abbrev":"Furuya K et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Method or reagent","citation":"Yeast 2012 Jun;29(6):241-9","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.1002/yea.2907","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2012","pubmed_entrez_date":"2012-05-30","pubmed_publication_date":"Jun 2012","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Construction of an insertion marker collection of Sz. japonicus (IMACS) for genetic mapping and a fosmid library covering its genome.","uniquename":"PMID:22641476"}


id: PMID:33232355
data:
  {"abstract":"Coenzyme Q (CoQ, ubiquinone) is an essential component of the electron transport system in aerobic organisms. Human type CoQ10, which has 10 units of isoprene in its quinone structure, is especially valuable as a food supplement. Therefore, studying the biosynthesis of CoQ10 is important not only for increasing metabolic knowledge, but also for improving biotechnological production. Herein, we show that Schizosaccharomyces pombe utilizes p-aminobenzoate (PABA) in addition to p-hydroxybenzoate (PHB) as a precursor for CoQ10 synthesis. We explored compounds that affect the synthesis of CoQ10 and found benzoic acid (Bz) at >5 μg/mL inhibited CoQ biosynthesis without accumulation of apparent CoQ intermediates. This inhibition was counteracted by incubation with a 10-fold lower amount of PABA or PHB. Overexpression of PHB-polyprenyl transferase encoded by ppt1 (coq2) also overcame the inhibition of CoQ biosynthesis by Bz. Inhibition by Bz was efficient in S. pombe and Schizosaccharomyces japonicus, but less so in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aureobasidium pullulans, and Escherichia coli. Bz also inhibited a S. pombe ppt1 (coq2) deletion strain expressing human COQ2, and this strain also utilized PABA as a precursor of CoQ10. Thus, Bz is likely to inhibit prenylation reactions involving PHB or PABA catalyzed by Coq2.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Nishida I, Yanai R, Matsuo Y, Kaino T, Kawamukai M","authors_abbrev":"Nishida I et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Cell composition or WT feature","citation":"PLoS One 2020;15(11):e0242616","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0242616","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2020","pubmed_entrez_date":"2020-11-24","pubmed_publication_date":"2020","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Benzoic acid inhibits Coenzyme Q biosynthesis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.","uniquename":"PMID:33232355"}


id: PMID:36058798
data:
  {"abstract":"Schizosaccharomyces japonicus is a dimorphic yeast, transiting between unicellular and hyphal growth. The glycoproteins of fission yeast contain, in addition to mannose (Man), a large number of galactose (Gal) residues. Previously, we reported that the cell-surface O-glycans of S. japonicus comprise mainly tri-saccharides (Gal-Man-Man) as a main component, in contrast to the tetra-saccharides observed in other Schizosaccharomyces species. Here we have investigated the function of cell-surface Gal residues in S. japonicus. Because disruption of gms1 + , encoding the UDP-Gal transporter required for galactomannan synthesis, abolishes cell-surface galactosylation in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, we constructed a deletion mutant of the homologous gene in S. japonicus gms1Δ [gms1 (S.j)] and determined the N- and O-linked oligosaccharide structures present on the cell surface. Disruption of gms1 (S.j) resulted in a complete lack of Gal on the cell surface, indicating that Gms1 plays an essential role in supplying UDP-Gal from the cytoplasm to the Golgi lumen. Analytical microscopy of gms1Δ demonstrated that the lack of cell-surface Gal did not affect cell growth or morphology during vegetative growth. However, hyphal development was blocked in gms1Δ, even in the presence of the topoisomerase I inhibitor camptothecin, which is known to induce hyphal differentiation in wild-type S. japonicus. Collectively, these findings show that Gal-containing oligosaccharides are required for cell wall integrity during filamentous growth in S. japonicus.","alleles_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_04697:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_04697","name":"gms1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_04697:allele-1"}},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":6,"community_curator":false,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","orcid":"0000-0002-8138-6851"}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2022-12-01","authors":"Fukunaga T, Ohashi T, Tanaka Y, Yoshimatsu T, Higuchi Y, Maekawa H, Takegawa K","authors_abbrev":"Fukunaga T et al.","canto_added_date":"2022-11-25 12:12:27","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2022-12-01 10:35:53","canto_curator_name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_first_approved_date":"2022-12-01 10:35:53","canto_session_key":"465355706dc223a3","canto_session_submitted_date":"2022-11-25 12:49:07","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"J Biosci Bioeng 2022 Nov;134(5):384-392","cv_annotations":{"single_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115335],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0008029"},{"annotations":[115331],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000082"},{"annotations":[115334],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007776"},{"annotations":[115333],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007780"},{"annotations":[115330],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0003727"},{"annotations":[115332],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000106"}]},"doi":"10.1016/j.jbiosc.2022.07.014","gene_count":1,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_04697":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{"gms1delta":{"display_name":"gms1delta","display_uniquename":"gms1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04697:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]}},"ltp_gene_count":1,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2022","pubmed_entrez_date":"2022-09-04","pubmed_publication_date":"Nov 2022","terms_by_termid":{"FYECO:0000004":null,"FYECO:0000005":null,"FYECO:0000126":null,"FYECO:0000137":null,"FYECO:0000314":null,"FYPO:0000082":null,"FYPO:0000106":null,"FYPO:0003727":null,"FYPO:0007776":null,"FYPO:0007780":null,"FYPO:0008029":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000001":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000002":null},"title":"Galactosylation of cell-surface glycoprotein required for hyphal growth and cell wall integrity in Schizosaccharomyces japonicus.","uniquename":"PMID:36058798"}


id: PMID:12795405
data:
  {"abstract":"Spectrin, a component of the membrane skeleton in erythrocytes and other animal cells, has also been identified in plant and fungal cells. However, its postulated role, i.e., the maintenance of shape and elasticity of the plasma membrane, is probably not exerted in walled cells. To study spectrin in these cells, we chose yeasts because of a high morphological variability of their life cycle. The localization of spectrin in the cells and protoplasts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces japonicus var. versatilis was detected by immunoblotting, indirect immunofluorescence, and immunogold electron microscopy techniques with the use of anti-chicken and anti-human erythrocyte spectrin antibodies. A protein band of 220-240 kDa and some bands of lower relative mass were detected in cell and protoplast extracts of both yeast strains. Spectrin-like proteins were revealed by fluorescence microscopy at cell surfaces and in vacuolar membranes. Immunogold-labelling showed spectrin-like proteins in the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, vacuoles, nuclei, vesicles, mitochondria, and cell walls. The topology of spectrin was not affected by actin depolymerization with Latrunculin B nor was it changed in either act1-1 or cdc42 mutants, under restrictive conditions. Under osmotic stress, both spectrin and actin were delocalized and appeared in the form of large clusters in the cytoplasm. It is concluded that a protein cross-reacting with spectrin antibodies is present in fission and budding yeasts. Generally, it is located in the proximity of the plasma membrane and other intracellular membranes, probably as a part of the membrane skeleton. No evidence of its relationship to either actin or growth zones of the cell can be provided.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Slaninová I, Holubárová A, Svoboda A","authors_abbrev":"Slaninová I et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Method or reagent","citation":"Can J Microbiol 2003 Mar;49(3):189-96","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2003","pubmed_entrez_date":"2003-06-11","pubmed_publication_date":"Mar 2003","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Immunodetection of spectrin-like proteins in yeasts.","uniquename":"PMID:12795405"}


id: PMID:2021084
data:
  {"abstract":"The genus Schizosaccharomyces comprises a small, somewhat heterogeneous group of yeast species which have in common a unique mode of vegetative reproduction by cross-wall formation without constriction as well as a certain degree of osmophilia, most strains having been isolated from habitats of high sugar concentration. This study evaluated inter- and intraspecific relationships utilizing nDNA/nDNA optical reassociation and by the analysis of physiological profiles of several strains of each species. Results demonstrate that the genus should be divided into three species: Schiz. japonicus, Schiz. octosporus and Schiz. pombe.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Vaughan Martini A","authors_abbrev":"Vaughan Martini A","canto_added_date":"2023-05-04 00:40:04","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Cell composition or WT feature","citation":"Yeast 1991 Jan;7(1):73-8","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"1991","pubmed_entrez_date":"1991-01-01","pubmed_publication_date":"Jan 1991","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Evaluation of phylogenetic relationships among fission yeast by nDNA/nDNA reassociation and conventional taxonomic criteria.","uniquename":"PMID:2021084"}


id: PMID:36695178
data:
  {"abstract":"Nuclear envelope (NE) expansion must be controlled to maintain nuclear shape and function. The nuclear membrane expands massively during closed mitosis, enabling chromosome segregation within an intact NE. Phosphatidic acid (PA) and diacylglycerol (DG) can both serve as biosynthetic precursors for membrane lipid synthesis. How they are regulated in time and space and what the implications are of changes in their flux for mitotic fidelity are largely unknown. Using genetically encoded PA and DG probes, we show that DG is depleted from the inner nuclear membrane during mitosis in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, but PA does not accumulate, indicating that it is rerouted to membrane synthesis. We demonstrate that DG-to-PA conversion catalyzed by the diacylglycerol kinase Dgk1 (also known as Ptp4) and direct glycerophospholipid synthesis from DG by diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase/ethanolaminephosphotransferase Ept1 reinforce NE expansion. We conclude that DG consumption through both the de novo pathway and the Kennedy pathway fuels a spike in glycerophospholipid biosynthesis, controlling NE expansion and, ultimately, mitotic fidelity.","alleles_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_04883:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_04883","name":"ptp4delta","uniquename":"SJAG_04883:allele-1"}},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":1,"community_curator":false,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","orcid":null}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2023-03-02","authors":"Foo S, Cazenave-Gassiot A, Wenk MR, Oliferenko S","authors_abbrev":"Foo S et al.","canto_added_date":"2023-03-02 10:54:59","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2023-03-02 10:59:33","canto_curator_name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_first_approved_date":"2023-03-02 10:59:33","canto_session_key":"d8cda300a89f71aa","canto_session_submitted_date":"2023-03-02 10:59:20","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"J Cell Sci 2023 Feb 01;136(3)","cv_annotations":{"single_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115358],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001007"}]},"doi":"10.1242/jcs.260568","gene_count":1,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_04883":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{"ptp4delta":{"display_name":"ptp4delta","display_uniquename":"ptp4delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04883:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]}},"ltp_gene_count":1,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2023","pubmed_entrez_date":"2023-01-25","pubmed_publication_date":"01 Feb 2023","terms_by_termid":{"FYECO:0000005":null,"FYECO:0000137":null,"FYPO:0001007":null},"title":"Diacylglycerol at the inner nuclear membrane fuels nuclear envelope expansion in closed mitosis.","uniquename":"PMID:36695178"}


id: PMID:31380845
data:
  {"abstract":"Lipid metabolism and its regulation are of interest to both basic and applied life sciences and biotechnology. In this regard, various yeast species are used as models in lipid metabolic research or for industrial lipid production. Lipid droplets are highly dynamic storage bodies and their cellular content represents a convenient readout of the lipid metabolic state. Fluorescence microscopy is a method of choice for quantitative analysis of cellular lipid droplets, as it relies on widely available equipment and allows analysis of individual lipid droplets. Furthermore, microscopic image analysis can be automated, greatly increasing overall analysis throughput. Here, we describe an experimental and analytical workflow for automated detection and quantitative description of individual lipid droplets in three different model yeast species: the fission yeasts Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Schizosaccharomyces japonicus, and the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Lipid droplets are visualized with BODIPY 493/503, and cell-impermeable fluorescent dextran is added to the culture media to help identify cell boundaries. Cells are subjected to 3D epifluorescence microscopy in green and blue channels and the resulting z-stack images are processed automatically by a MATLAB pipeline. The procedure outputs rich quantitative data on cellular lipid droplet content and individual lipid droplet characteristics in a tabular format suitable for downstream analyses in major spreadsheet or statistical packages. We provide example analyses of lipid droplet content under various conditions that affect cellular lipid metabolism.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Princová J, Schätz M, Ťupa O, Převorovský M","authors_abbrev":"Princová J et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Method or reagent","citation":"J Vis Exp 2019 07 17;(149)","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.3791/59889","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2019","pubmed_entrez_date":"2019-08-06","pubmed_publication_date":"17 07 2019","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Analysis of Lipid Droplet Content in Fission and Budding Yeasts using Automated Image Processing.","uniquename":"PMID:31380845"}


id: PMID:34198697
data:
  {"abstract":"Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways execute essential functions in eukaryotic organisms by transducing extracellular stimuli into adaptive cellular responses. In the fission yeast model  Schizosaccharomyces pombe  the cell integrity pathway (CIP) and its core effector, MAPK Pmk1, play a key role during regulation of cell integrity, cytokinesis, and ionic homeostasis.  Schizosaccharomyces japonicus , another fission yeast species, shows remarkable differences with respect to  S. pombe , including a robust yeast to hyphae dimorphism in response to environmental changes. We show that the CIP MAPK module architecture and its upstream regulators, PKC orthologs Pck1 and Pck2, are conserved in both fission yeast species. However, some of  S. pombe 's CIP-related functions, such as cytokinetic control and response to glucose availability, are regulated differently in  S. japonicus.  Moreover, Pck1 and Pck2 antagonistically regulate  S. japonicus  hyphal differentiation through fine-tuning of Pmk1 activity. Chimeric MAPK-swapping experiments revealed that  S. japonicus  Pmk1 is fully functional in  S. pombe , whereas  S. pombe  Pmk1 shows a limited ability to execute CIP functions and promote  S. japonicus  mycelial development. Our findings also suggest that a modified N-lobe domain secondary structure within  S. japonicus  Pmk1 has a major influence on the CIP signaling features of this evolutionarily diverged fission yeast.","alleles_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_00610:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_00610","name":"pck2delta","uniquename":"SJAG_00610:allele-1"},"SJAG_01787:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_01787","name":"pck1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_01787:allele-1"},"SJAG_02592:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_02592","name":"sty1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_02592:allele-1"},"SJAG_04551:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_04551","name":"pmk1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_04551:allele-1"},"SJAG_04551:allele-2":{"allele_type":"amino_acid_insertion","description":"82-NITCIYDLDIIINPYNFNEVYIYEE-105","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_04551","name":"Pmk1Sj(ins82-105)","uniquename":"SJAG_04551:allele-2"},"SJAG_04551:allele-3":{"allele_type":"other","description":"Pmk1 from S. pombe","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_04551","name":"Pmk1Sp","uniquename":"SJAG_04551:allele-3"},"SJAG_04551:allele-4":{"allele_type":"partial_amino_acid_deletion","description":"Pmk1 from S. pombe with deleted residues 82-105","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_04551","name":"Pmk1Sp(delta82-105)","uniquename":"SJAG_04551:allele-4"}},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":34,"community_curator":true,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Elisa Gomez Gil","orcid":null}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2021-09-14","authors":"Gómez-Gil E, Franco A, Vázquez-Marín B, Prieto-Ruiz F, Pérez-Díaz A, Vicente-Soler J, Madrid M, Soto T, Cansado J","authors_abbrev":"Gómez-Gil E et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-09-14 16:45:58","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2021-09-14 21:32:21","canto_curator_name":"Elisa Gomez Gil","canto_curator_role":"community","canto_first_approved_date":"2021-09-14 21:32:21","canto_session_key":"0ba747685c452996","canto_session_submitted_date":"2021-09-14 17:59:01","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"J Fungi (Basel) 2021 Jun 14;7(6)","cv_annotations":{"PSI-MOD":[{"annotations":[115668,115669,115670],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"MOD:00696"}],"cellular_component":[{"annotations":[115667],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0005737"},{"annotations":[115666],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0005634"}],"multi_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115684],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007780"}],"single_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115682,115690],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0002678"},{"annotations":[115689],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0002033"},{"annotations":[115671,115683,115687,115692,115695],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007776"},{"annotations":[115672,115688,115693,115696],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007780"},{"annotations":[115681,115685],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001838"},{"annotations":[115676],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007775"},{"annotations":[115677],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007779"},{"annotations":[115678],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0002680"},{"annotations":[115675],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001038"},{"annotations":[115663],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0004295"},{"annotations":[115673],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0005152"},{"annotations":[115665,115680,115686,115691,115694],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007521"},{"annotations":[115664,115679],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000079"},{"annotations":[115674],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007522"}]},"doi":"10.3390/jof7060482","gene_count":4,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_00610":null,"SJAG_01787":null,"SJAG_02592":null,"SJAG_04551":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{"Pmk1Sj(ins82-105)-82-NITCIYDLDIIINPYNFNEVYIYEE-105-amino_acid_insertion-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type":{"display_name":"Pmk1Sj(ins82-105)(82-NITCIYDLDIIINPYNFNEVYIYEE-105)","display_uniquename":"Pmk1Sj(ins82-105)-82-NITCIYDLDIIINPYNFNEVYIYEE-105-amino_acid_insertion-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04551:allele-2","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]}]},"Pmk1Sp(delta82-105)-Pmk1_from_S._pombe_with_deleted_residues_82-105-partial_amino_acid_deletion-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type":{"display_name":"Pmk1Sp(delta82-105)(Pmk1 from S. pombe with deleted residues 82-105 Δaa)","display_uniquename":"Pmk1Sp(delta82-105)-Pmk1_from_S._pombe_with_deleted_residues_82-105-partial_amino_acid_deletion-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04551:allele-4","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]}]},"Pmk1Sp-Pmk1_from_S._pombe-other-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type":{"display_name":"Pmk1Sp(Pmk1 from S. pombe)","display_uniquename":"Pmk1Sp-Pmk1_from_S._pombe-other-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04551:allele-3","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]}]},"pck1delta":{"display_name":"pck1delta","display_uniquename":"pck1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01787:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"pck1delta__pmk1delta":{"display_name":"pck1delta pmk1delta","display_uniquename":"pck1delta__pmk1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01787:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]},{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04551:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"pck2delta":{"display_name":"pck2delta","display_uniquename":"pck2delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_00610:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"pmk1delta":{"display_name":"pmk1delta","display_uniquename":"pmk1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04551:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"sty1delta":{"display_name":"sty1delta","display_uniquename":"sty1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_02592:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]}},"ltp_gene_count":4,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2021","pubmed_entrez_date":"2021-07-02","pubmed_publication_date":"14 Jun 2021","terms_by_termid":{"FYECO:0000207":null,"FYECO:0000314":null,"FYPO:0000079":null,"FYPO:0001038":null,"FYPO:0001838":null,"FYPO:0002033":null,"FYPO:0002678":null,"FYPO:0002680":null,"FYPO:0004295":null,"FYPO:0005152":null,"FYPO:0007521":null,"FYPO:0007522":null,"FYPO:0007775":null,"FYPO:0007776":null,"FYPO:0007779":null,"FYPO:0007780":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000001":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000002":null,"GO:0005634":null,"GO:0005737":null,"GO:0036460":null,"GO:0042149":null,"GO:0071475":null,"GO:0072690":null,"MOD:00696":null},"title":"Specific Functional Features of the Cell Integrity MAP Kinase Pathway in the Dimorphic Fission Yeast  Schizosaccharomyces japonicus .","uniquename":"PMID:34198697"}


id: PMID:7612397
data:
  {"abstract":"The ultrastructure of isolated cell walls of Schizosaccharomyces pombe was studied by electron microscopy after treatment with the following purified enzymes: endo-beta-(1-->3)-glucanase, endo-beta-(-->6)-glucanase, and endo-alpha-(1-->3)-glucanase produced by Bacillus circulans; exo-beta-(1-->3)-glucanase and endo-beta-(1-->3)-glucanase produced by Schizosaccharomyces japonicus var. versatilis. The exo-beta-(1-->3)-glucanase had no detectable effect on the walls, but amorphous wall material was removed by action of the endo-beta-(1-->3)- and endo-beta-(1-->6)-glucanases of B. circulans to reveal a wall component consisting of densely interwoven microfibrils. The fibrils were hydrolyzed by treatment with the Schiz. japonicus endo-beta-(1-->3)-glucanase followed by B. circulans endo-alpha-(1-->3)-glucanase--suggesting that they were composed of -beta-(1-->3)-linked glucan and alpha-(1-->3)-linked glucan. The presence of a fibrillar component in untreated walls was evident after negative staining.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Kopecká M, Fleet GH, Phaff HJ","authors_abbrev":"Kopecká M et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Cell composition or WT feature","citation":"J Struct Biol 1995 Mar;114(2):140-52","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"1995","pubmed_entrez_date":"1995-03-01","pubmed_publication_date":"Mar 1995","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Ultrastructure of the cell wall of Schizosaccharomyces pombe following treatment with various glucanases.","uniquename":"PMID:7612397"}


id: PMID:32140970
data:
  {"abstract":"In eukaryotes, chromosome ends (telomeres) are tethered to the inner nuclear membrane. During the early stages of meiosis, telomeres move along the nuclear membrane and gather near the spindle-pole body, resulting in a bouquet-like arrangement of chromosomes. This chromosomal configuration appears to be widely conserved among eukaryotes, and is assumed to play an important role in the normal progression of meiosis, by mediating the proper pairing of homologous chromosomes. In fission yeast, the Bqt1-Bqt2 protein complex plays a key role in tethering the telomere to the inner nuclear membrane. However, the structural details of the complex required to clarify how telomeres are gathered near the spindle-pole body remain enigmatic. Previously, we devised a preparation procedure for the Schizosaccharomyces japonicus Bqt1-Bqt2 complex, in which a SUMO tag was fused to the N-terminus of the Bqt1 protein. This allowed us to purify the Bqt1-Bqt2 complex from the soluble fraction. In the present study, we found that a maltose-binding protein homolog, Athe_0614, served as a better fusion partner than the SUMO protein, resulting in the marked increase in the solubility of the Bqt1-Bqt2 complex. The Athe_0614 fusion partner may open up new avenues for X-ray crystallographic analyses of the structure of the Bqt1-Bqt2 complex.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Yuzurihara H, Aizawa Y, Saotome M, Ichikawa Y, Yokoyama H, Chikashige Y, Haraguchi T, Hiraoka Y, Kurumizaka H, Kagawa W","authors_abbrev":"Yuzurihara H et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Method or reagent","citation":"Protein J 2020 04;39(2):174-181","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.1007/s10930-020-09887-z","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2020","pubmed_entrez_date":"2020-03-07","pubmed_publication_date":"04 2020","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Improved Methods for Preparing the Telomere Tethering Complex Bqt1-Bqt2 for Structural Studies.","uniquename":"PMID:32140970"}


id: PMID:8590481
data:
  {"abstract":"Fission yeasts form a small but heterogeneous group of ascomycetes and it is still unclear whether they should be subdivided into three genera (Schizosaccharomyces, Octosporomyces, Hasegawaea) or remain a single genus (Schizosaccharomyces). In order to decide whether a new genus Hasegawaea should be established for the species Schizosaccharomyces japonicus and Schizosaccharomyces versatilis, we have characterized the entire rDNA cluster in Schizosaccharomyces japonicus var. versatilis and compared it with the homologous region from Schizosaccharomyces pombe and with complete rRNA gene sequences from other yeast genera. From a phage genomic library a recombinant lambda phage containing the entire rDNA repeat unit was isolated. In this paper we report the primary sequence of the 18s, 5.8s and 25s rRNA coding regions. The S. japonicus var. versatilis rRNA genes are 1823 (18s), 158 (5.8s) and 3422 (25s) nucleotides long. The two sequences of the larger rRNA genes exhibit 95.7% (18s) and 93% (25s) similarity with the homologous genes from S. pombe. The differences between the rRNA genes of S. japonicus and S. pombe, however, are much smaller than the intrageneric differences within the rDNA sequences of other yeast genera. Therefore, subdivision of fission yeasts into the genera Schizosaccharomyces and Hasegawaea does not to seem to be justified.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Naehring J, Kiefer S, Wolf K","authors_abbrev":"Naehring J et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Sequence feature or region","citation":"Curr Genet 1995 Sep;28(4):353-9","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"1995","pubmed_entrez_date":"1995-09-01","pubmed_publication_date":"Sep 1995","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Nucleotide sequence of the Schizosaccharomyces japonicus var. versatilis ribosomal RNA gene cluster and its phylogenetic implications.","uniquename":"PMID:8590481"}


id: GO_REF:0000025
data:
  {"abstract":"Genes in prokaryotic organisms are often arranged in operons. Genes in an operon are all transcribed into one mRNA. Generally the genes in the operons code for proteins that all have related functions. For example, they may be the steps in a biochemical pathway, or they may be the subunits of a protein complex. Often the genes in operons shared between organisms are syntenic; that is, the same genes are in the same order in the operon in different species. When assessing sequence-comparison-based evidence during the process of manual annotation of a genome, it is often the case that some of the genes in the operon will have strong sequence-based evidence while others will have weak evidence. If seen alone, not in the presence of an operon, the weak evidence in question may not be sufficient to make a functional annotation. However, in the presence of an operon in which there is strong evidence for some of the genes, the very presence of the gene in the operon is a strong indication that the gene shares in the process carried out by the operon. If the putative function is one expected to exist for the process in question and particularly if that function has been observed in the same operon in another species, then the annotation should be made. This type of evidence is inferred from the context of the gene in an operon, and therefore the evidence code is IGC \"inferred from genomic context.\"","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Michelle Gwinn, TIGR curators","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Operon structure as IGC evidence","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000025"}


id: PMID:2197287
data:
  {"abstract":"Changes in the distribution of microtubules and F-actin through the cell division cycle of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus var. versatilis were investigated by fluorescence microscopy. The fluorescence images obtained with S. japonicus were markedly superior to those previously reported for S. pombe and revealed new details of cytoskeletal organization in this important genus. As in S. pombe, F-actin in S. japonicus was present as a concentration of 'dots' at the growing poles of interphase cells and as a filamentous equatorial ring directing the deposition of the cytokinetic septum. The transition between these two states occurred at late anaphase, in contrast to the situation in S. pombe where the appearance of the equatorial actin ring is tightly coupled to the early events of mitosis. During the course of cytokinesis in S. japonicus the actin ring constricted and broadened, suggesting that it is contractile. Microtubule organization in S. japonicus also revealed interesting differences from S. pombe. Whereas in S. pombe cytoplasmic microtubules are reinitiated from a pair of microtubule organizing centres (MTOCs) at the cell equator, in S. japonicus they arise by extensive microtubule growth from the spindle poles. Western blots of cell extracts enriched for tubulin by DEAE-Sephadex chromatography showed that, like S. pombe, S. japonicus contains two alpha-tubulins and a single beta-tubulin. Whilst the alpha 1- and beta-tubulins from the two species comigrated on one-dimensional polyacrylamide gels, the alpha 2 species were electrophoretically distinct. Although fundamental differences clearly exist between the two species, S. japonicus could prove to be a useful tool in basic studies of fission yeast cell biology.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Alfa CE, Hyams JS","authors_abbrev":"Alfa CE et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Cell composition or WT feature","citation":"J Cell Sci 1990 May;96 ( Pt 1):71-7","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"1990","pubmed_entrez_date":"1990-05-01","pubmed_publication_date":"May 1990","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Distribution of tubulin and actin through the cell division cycle of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus var. versatilis: a comparison with Schizosaccharomyces pombe.","uniquename":"PMID:2197287"}


id: GO_REF:0000044
data:
  {"abstract":"Transitive assignment of GO terms based on the UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular Location vocabulary. UniProtKB Subcellular Location is a controlled vocabulary used to supply subcellular location information to UniProtKB entries in the SUBCELLULAR LOCATION lines. Terms from this vocabulary are annotated manually to UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries but are automatically assigned to UniProtKB/TrEMBL entries from the underlying nucleic acid databases and/or by the UniProt automatic annotation program.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"UniProt-GOA","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{"cellular_component":[{"annotations":[65998],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0001725"},{"annotations":[67155],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0031982"}]},"gene_count":2,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_01739":null,"SJAG_03357":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{"GO:0001725":null,"GO:0031982":null},"title":"Gene Ontology annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular Location vocabulary mapping, accompanied by conservative changes to GO terms applied by UniProt. ","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000044"}


id: GO_REF:0000095
data:
  {"abstract":"This article is not referenced in PubMed. Please see contributing data resource for details.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Mouse Genome Informatics scientific curators and FlyBase","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Literature reference not indexed by PubMed","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000095"}


id: PMID:33495454
data:
  {"abstract":"The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) network consists of tubules with high membrane curvature in cross-section, generated by the reticulons and REEPs. These proteins have two pairs of trans-membrane (TM) segments, followed by an amphipathic helix (APH), but how they induce curvature is poorly understood. Here, we show that REEPs form homodimers by interaction within the membrane. When overexpressed or reconstituted at high concentrations with phospholipids, REEPs cause extreme curvature through their TMs, generating lipoprotein particles instead of vesicles. The APH facilitates curvature generation, as its mutation prevents ER network formation of reconstituted proteoliposomes, and synthetic L- or D-amino acid peptides abolish ER network formation in Xenopus egg extracts. In Schizosaccharomyces japonicus, the APH is required for reticulon's exclusive ER-tubule localization and restricted mobility. Thus, the TMs and APH cooperate to generate high membrane curvature. We propose that the formation of splayed REEP/reticulon dimers is responsible for ER tubule formation.","alleles_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_01374:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_01374","name":"nup132delta","uniquename":"SJAG_01374:allele-1"}},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":8,"community_curator":false,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","orcid":"0000-0002-8138-6851"}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2021-07-09","authors":"Wang N, Clark LD, Gao Y, Kozlov MM, Shemesh T, Rapoport TA","authors_abbrev":"Wang N et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2021-07-09 16:24:24","canto_curator_name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_first_approved_date":"2021-07-09 16:24:24","canto_session_key":"23c6ae79d435aba5","canto_session_submitted_date":"2021-07-09 16:24:16","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"Nat Commun 2021 01 25;12(1):568","cv_annotations":{"biological_process":[{"annotations":[115589,115595],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0097753"}],"cellular_component":[{"annotations":[115590,115591],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0032541"},{"annotations":[115592,115593],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0005643"}],"single_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115594],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0003973"}]},"doi":"10.1038/s41467-020-20625-y","gene_count":4,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_01374":null,"SJAG_01834":null,"SJAG_01848":null,"SJAG_03795":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{"nup132delta":{"display_name":"nup132delta","display_uniquename":"nup132delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01374:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]}},"ltp_gene_count":4,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[{"evidence":"Reconstituted Complex","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03795","interactor_uniquename":"SJAG_03795","reference_uniquename":"PMID:33495454","throughput":"low"}],"publication_year":"2021","pubmed_entrez_date":"2021-01-26","pubmed_publication_date":"25 01 2021","terms_by_termid":{"FYPO:0003973":null,"GO:0005643":null,"GO:0032541":null,"GO:0097753":null},"title":"Mechanism of membrane-curvature generation by ER-tubule shaping proteins.","uniquename":"PMID:33495454"}


id: PMID:23337086
data:
  {"abstract":"During meiosis, chromosomes adopt a bouquet arrangement, which is widely conserved among eukaryotes. This arrangement is assumed to play an important role in the normal progression of meiosis, by mediating the proper pairing of homologous chromosomes. In Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the complex of Bqt1 and Bqt2 plays a key role in telomere clustering and the subsequent bouquet arrangement of chromosomes during early meiotic prophase. Bqt1 and Bqt2 are part of a multi-protein complex that mediates the attachment of the telomere to the nuclear membrane. However, the structural details of the complex are needed to clarify the mechanism of telomere clustering. To enable biophysical studies of Bqt1 and Bqt2, we established a purification procedure for the Schizosaccharomyces japonicus Bqt1-Bqt2 complex, which is closely related to the S. pombe Bqt1-Bqt2 complex. A co-expression vector, in which one of the expressed subunits is fused to a removable SUMO tag, yielded high amounts of the proteins in the soluble fraction. The solubility of the Bqt1-Bqt2 complex after the removal of the SUMO tag was maintained by including CHAPS, a nondenaturing, zwitterionic detergent, in the purification buffers. These procedures enabled us to rapidly purify the stable Bqt1-Bqt2 complex. The co-purified Bqt1 and Bqt2 proteins formed a stable heterodimer, consistent with results from in vivo studies showing the requirement of both proteins for the bouquet arrangement. The expression and purification procedures established here will facilitate further biophysical studies of the Bqt1-Bqt2 complex.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":2,"community_curator":false,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Val Wood","orcid":"0000-0001-6330-7526"}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2021-05-12","authors":"Ichikawa Y, Kagawa W, Saito K, Chikashige Y, Haraguchi T, Hiraoka Y, Kurumizaka H","authors_abbrev":"Ichikawa Y et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2021-05-12 14:11:00","canto_curator_name":"Val Wood","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_first_approved_date":"2021-05-12 14:11:00","canto_session_key":"34571f3accd180c4","canto_session_submitted_date":"2021-05-11 18:50:05","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"Protein Expr Purif 2013 Apr;88(2):207-13","cv_annotations":{"molecular_function":[{"annotations":[115697,115698],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0005515"}]},"doi":"10.1016/j.pep.2013.01.006","gene_count":2,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_03287":null,"SJAG_05260":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":2,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[{"evidence":"Co-purification","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03287","interactor_uniquename":"SJAG_05260","reference_uniquename":"PMID:23337086","throughput":"low"}],"publication_year":"2013","pubmed_entrez_date":"2013-01-23","pubmed_publication_date":"Apr 2013","terms_by_termid":{"GO:0005515":null},"title":"Purification and characterization of the fission yeast telomere clustering factors, Bqt1 and Bqt2.","uniquename":"PMID:23337086"}


id: PMID:25308606
data:
  {"abstract":"The non-pathogenic dimorphic fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces japonicus, could be a suitable model organism for investigation of the genetic background of mycelial growth, as it has a haploid chromosome set and its genome is sequenced. Since earlier results have suggested that its morphological transition required solid substrates, but molecular biological experiments would require hyphae production in a liquid medium, we wanted to find circumstances which would enable hyphae production in liquid media. Several external conditions were investigated, but the strongest inducer was fetal bovine serum (FBS). Its positive effect could be hampered by heat and was dependent on pH, temperature and concentration of the serum. Other protein-containing compounds, such as peptone and bovine serum albumin or amino acids, proved to be ineffective or weak. Generally, the uninduced and induced mycelial growth of Sz. japonicus could be improved by lower external pH and higher temperature.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Papp L, Sipiczki M, Holb IJ, Miklós I","authors_abbrev":"Papp L et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Cell composition or WT feature","citation":"Yeast 2014 Dec;31(12):475-82","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.1002/yea.3048","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2014","pubmed_entrez_date":"2014-10-14","pubmed_publication_date":"Dec 2014","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Optimal conditions for mycelial growth of Schizosaccharomyces japonicus cells in liquid medium: it enables the molecular investigation of dimorphism.","uniquename":"PMID:25308606"}


id: GO_REF:0000027
data:
  {"abstract":"This GO reference describes the criteria used in assigning the evidence code of ISS via BLAST searches to annotate gene products from PAMGO_GAT. Standard BLASTP from NCBI was used (http://www.ncbi.nih.gov/blast) to query the non-redundant (NR) database. Hits are considered to be significant if the E-value is at or less than 10^-4. All other parameters are default according to http://www.ncbi.nih.gov/blast.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"PAMGO_GAT curators","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"BLAST search criteria for ISS assignment in PAMGO_GAT","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000027"}


id: PMID:26343758
data:
  {"abstract":"CENP-A is a centromere-specific histone H3 variant that is required for kinetochore assembly and accurate chromosome segregation. For it to function properly, CENP-A must be specifically localized to centromeres. In fission yeast, Scm3sp and the Mis18 complex, composed of Mis16, Eic1, and Mis18, function as a CENP-A(Cnp1)-specific chaperone and a recruiting factor, respectively, and together ensure accurate delivery of CENP-A(Cnp1) to centromeres. Although how Scm3sp specifically recognizes CENP-A(Cnp1) has been revealed recently, the recruiting mechanism of CENP-A(Cnp1) via the Mis18 complex remains unknown. In this study, we have determined crystal structures of Schizosaccharomyces japonicus Mis16 alone and in complex with the helix 1 of histone H4 (H4α1). Crystal structures followed by mutant analysis and affinity pull-downs have revealed that Mis16 recognizes both H4α1 and Scm3sp independently within the CENP-A(Cnp1)/H4:Scm3sp complex. This observation suggests that Mis16 gains CENP-A(Cnp1) specificity by recognizing both Scm3sp and histone H4. Our studies provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying specific recruitment of CENP-A(Cnp1)/H4:Scm3sp into centromeres. ","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":4,"community_curator":false,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Val Wood","orcid":"0000-0001-6330-7526"}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2021-05-13","authors":"An S, Kim H, Cho US","authors_abbrev":"An S et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2021-05-13 14:11:41","canto_curator_name":"Val Wood","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_first_approved_date":"2021-05-13 14:11:41","canto_session_key":"fb189c5ef542852c","canto_session_submitted_date":"2021-05-12 16:00:22","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"J Mol Biol 2015 Oct 09;427(20):3230-3240","cv_annotations":{"molecular_function":[{"annotations":[115352,115353,115354,115355],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0042393"}]},"doi":"10.1016/j.jmb.2015.08.022","gene_count":4,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_00303":null,"SJAG_02513":null,"SJAG_03542":null,"SJAG_03867":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":3,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"pdb_entries":[{"entry_authors":"An S,Kim H,Cho U-S","entry_authors_abbrev":"An S et al.","experimental_method":"X-ray","gene_chains":[{"chain":"A","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03867","position":"1-427"}],"pdb_id":"4xyh","reference_uniquename":"PMID:26343758","resolution":"2.3","title":"Wild-type full length Mis16 in Schizosaccharomyces japonicus"},{"entry_authors":"An S,Kim H,Cho U-S","entry_authors_abbrev":"An S et al.","experimental_method":"X-ray","gene_chains":[{"chain":"B","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03542","position":"1-103"},{"chain":"A","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03867","position":"1-427"}],"pdb_id":"4xyi","reference_uniquename":"PMID:26343758","resolution":"3.0","title":"Mis16 with H4 peptide"}],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2015","pubmed_entrez_date":"2015-09-08","pubmed_publication_date":"09 Oct 2015","terms_by_termid":{"GO:0042393":null},"title":"Mis16 Independently Recognizes Histone H4 and the CENP-ACnp1-Specific Chaperone Scm3sp.","uniquename":"PMID:26343758"}


id: PMID:29191091
data:
  {"abstract":"Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is essential for mitochondrial respiration and as a cofactor for sulfide quinone reductase. Schizosaccharomyces pombe produces a human-type CoQ 10 . Here, we analyzed CoQ in other fission yeast species. S. cryophilus and S. octosporus produce CoQ 9 . S. japonicus produces low levels of CoQ 10 , although all necessary genes for CoQ synthesis have been identified in its genome. We expressed three genes (dps1, dlp1, and ppt1) for CoQ synthesis from S. japonicus in the corresponding S. pombe mutants, and confirmed that they were functional. S. japonicus had very low levels of oxygen consumption and was essentially respiration defective, probably due to mitochondrial dysfunction. S. japonicus grows well on minimal medium during anaerobic culture, indicating that it acquires sufficient energy by fermentation. S. japonicus produces comparable levels of ethanol under both normal and elevated temperature (42 °C) conditions, at which S. pombe is not able to grow.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":4,"community_curator":true,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Makoto Kawamukai","orcid":null},{"annotation_count":3,"community_curator":false,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Val Wood","orcid":"0000-0001-6330-7526"}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2021-07-15","authors":"Kaino T, Tonoko K, Mochizuki S, Takashima Y, Kawamukai M","authors_abbrev":"Kaino T et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2021-09-01 07:29:31","canto_curator_name":"Makoto Kawamukai","canto_curator_role":"community","canto_first_approved_date":"2021-07-15 11:51:14","canto_session_key":"53ebb2b64b3102f9","canto_session_submitted_date":"2021-07-15 08:22:11","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018 Jun;82(6):1031-1042","cv_annotations":{"biological_process":[{"annotations":[115340,115341],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0006744"},{"annotations":[115339],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0006743"}],"molecular_function":[{"annotations":[115338],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0002083"},{"annotations":[115336,115337],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0097269"}]},"doi":"10.1080/09168451.2017.1401914","gene_count":3,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_01865":null,"SJAG_04568":null,"SJAG_06603":null},"genetic_interactions":[[{"gene_a_uniquename":"SJAG_01865","gene_b_uniquename":"SJAG_04568","interaction_type":"Synthetic Rescue"},[{"reference_uniquename":"PMID:29191091","throughput":"low"}]]],"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":3,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2018","pubmed_entrez_date":"2017-12-02","pubmed_publication_date":"Jun 2018","terms_by_termid":{"GO:0002083":null,"GO:0006743":null,"GO:0006744":null,"GO:0097269":null},"title":"Schizosaccharomyces japonicus has low levels of CoQ 10  synthesis, respiration deficiency, and efficient ethanol production.","uniquename":"PMID:29191091"}


id: PMID:34353908
data:
  {"abstract":"Biosynthesis of sterols, which are key constituents of canonical eukaryotic membranes, requires molecular oxygen. Anaerobic protists and deep-branching anaerobic fungi are the only eukaryotes in which a mechanism for sterol-independent growth has been elucidated. In these organisms, tetrahymanol, formed through oxygen-independent cyclization of squalene by a squalene-tetrahymanol cyclase, acts as a sterol surrogate. This study confirms an early report [C. J. E. A. Bulder,  Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek , 37, 353-358 (1971)] that  Schizosaccharomyces japonicus  is exceptional among yeasts in growing anaerobically on synthetic media lacking sterols and unsaturated fatty acids. Mass spectrometry of lipid fractions of anaerobically grown  Sch. japonicus  showed the presence of hopanoids, a class of cyclic triterpenoids not previously detected in yeasts, including hop-22(29)-ene, hop-17(21)-ene, hop-21(22)-ene, and hopan-22-ol. A putative gene in  Sch. japonicus  showed high similarity to bacterial squalene-hopene cyclase (SHC) genes and in particular to those of  Acetobacter  species. No orthologs of the putative  Sch. japonicus  SHC were found in other yeast species. Expression of the  Sch. japonicus  SHC gene ( Sjshc1 ) in  Saccharomyces cerevisiae  enabled hopanoid synthesis and stimulated anaerobic growth in sterol-free media, thus indicating that one or more of the hopanoids produced by SjShc1 could at least partially replace sterols. Use of hopanoids as sterol surrogates represents a previously unknown adaptation of eukaryotic cells to anaerobic growth. The fast anaerobic growth of  Sch. japonicus  in sterol-free media is an interesting trait for developing robust fungal cell factories for application in anaerobic industrial processes.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Bouwknegt J, Wiersma SJ, Ortiz-Merino RA, Doornenbal ESR, Buitenhuis P, Giera M, Müller C, Pronk JT","authors_abbrev":"Bouwknegt J et al.","canto_added_date":"2023-05-04 00:40:04","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Cell composition or WT feature","citation":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021 Aug 10;118(32)","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.1073/pnas.2105225118","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2021","pubmed_entrez_date":"2021-08-06","pubmed_publication_date":"10 Aug 2021","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"A squalene-hopene cyclase in  Schizosaccharomyces japonicus  represents a eukaryotic adaptation to sterol-limited anaerobic environments.","uniquename":"PMID:34353908"}


id: PMID:21802294
data:
  {"abstract":"Eukaryotes segregate chromosomes in \"open\" or \"closed\" mitosis, depending on whether their nuclear envelopes (NEs) break down or remain intact. Here we show that the control of the nuclear surface area may determine the choice between these two modes. The dividing nucleus does not expand its surface in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus, confining the mitotic spindle and causing it to buckle. The NE ruptures in anaphase, releasing the compressive stress and allowing chromosome segregation. Blocking the NE expansion in the related species Schizosaccharomyces pombe that undergoes closed mitosis induces spindle buckling and collapse in the absence of an intrinsic NE rupture mechanism. We propose that scaling considerations could have shaped the evolution of eukaryotic mitosis by necessitating either nuclear surface expansion or the NE breakdown.","alleles_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_01330:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_01330","name":"mad2delta","uniquename":"SJAG_01330:allele-1"},"SJAG_01745:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_01745","name":"lem2delta","uniquename":"SJAG_01745:allele-1"}},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":16,"community_curator":false,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","orcid":"0000-0002-8138-6851"},{"annotation_count":1,"community_curator":false,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Val Wood","orcid":"0000-0001-6330-7526"}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2021-07-05","authors":"Yam C, He Y, Zhang D, Chiam KH, Oliferenko S","authors_abbrev":"Yam C et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 02:38:30","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2021-09-01 07:44:20","canto_curator_name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_first_approved_date":"2021-07-05 11:58:24","canto_session_key":"ec486c9b0898d3c4","canto_session_submitted_date":"2021-07-05 12:18:55","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"Curr Biol 2011 Aug 09;21(15):1314-9","cv_annotations":{"biological_process":[{"annotations":[115588],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0101024"}],"cellular_component":[{"annotations":[115577],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0000785"},{"annotations":[115581,115582],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0005783"},{"annotations":[115583],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0098826"},{"annotations":[115576],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0000776"},{"annotations":[115573],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0005874"},{"annotations":[115578,115579,115580,115584],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0005643"},{"annotations":[115574,115575],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0005730"}],"single_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115586],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0003779"},{"annotations":[115585],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0004318"},{"annotations":[115587],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007772"}]},"doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2011.06.052","gene_count":13,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_00175":null,"SJAG_00471":null,"SJAG_00684":null,"SJAG_00943":null,"SJAG_01006":null,"SJAG_01330":null,"SJAG_01374":null,"SJAG_01460":null,"SJAG_01745":null,"SJAG_02509":null,"SJAG_02830":null,"SJAG_03299":null,"SJAG_03603":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{"lem2delta":{"display_name":"lem2delta","display_uniquename":"lem2delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01745:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"mad2delta":{"display_name":"mad2delta","display_uniquename":"mad2delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01330:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]}},"ltp_gene_count":13,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2011","pubmed_entrez_date":"2011-08-02","pubmed_publication_date":"09 Aug 2011","terms_by_termid":{"FYECO:0000162":null,"FYPO:0003779":null,"FYPO:0004318":null,"FYPO:0007772":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000001":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000002":null,"GO:0000776":null,"GO:0000785":null,"GO:0005643":null,"GO:0005730":null,"GO:0005783":null,"GO:0005874":null,"GO:0098826":null,"GO:0101024":null},"title":"Divergent strategies for controlling the nuclear membrane satisfy geometric constraints during nuclear division.","uniquename":"PMID:21802294"}


id: GO_REF:0000070
data:
  {"abstract":"We have created a standard template for classes describing the transmembrane transporter activity a chemical entity (ChEBI) as molecular function. This includes variants for secondary active transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0015291), uptake transmembrane transporter activity (GO:0015563), and ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances (GO:0042626). The underlying equivalence axiom template is \"G and 'transports or maintains localization of' some X\",  where the genus G is either GO:0022857 (transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0015291, GO:0015563, or GO:0042626 depending on the variant. The variable X is a chemical entity (CHEBI:24431). The approach to combine GO and ChEBI has been described in the following publication: PMID:23895341.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO ontology editors","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Representation of transmembrane transporter activity as molecular function in the Gene Ontology","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000070"}


id: PMID:7214237
data:
  {"abstract":"Hybridization studies based on the prototrophic selection technique, involving the use of auxotrophic mutants of strains of five accepted species of the genus Schizosaccharomyces, are reported. Intrastrain recombinants were recovered in five out of six tested parental pairs. Interstrain recombinants were recovered from crosses involving strains of S. japonicus and strains of S. pombe. No recombinants were recovered in 62 interspecific crosses involving all possible combinations of the six representatives of the genus.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Johannsen E","authors_abbrev":"Johannsen E","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Cell composition or WT feature","citation":"Can J Microbiol 1981 Feb;27(2):184-91","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"1981","pubmed_entrez_date":"1981-02-01","pubmed_publication_date":"Feb 1981","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Hybridization studies within the genus Schizosaccharomyces Lindner.","uniquename":"PMID:7214237"}


id: PMID:28733401
data:
  {"abstract":"Haploid yeast cells mate to form heterozygotes and subsequently undergo meiosis to form spores. This process can be used to produce gene combinations and variants that are useful for genetic analysis. For example, these spores can be used to generate double mutants or to measure genetic distances in a mutational analysis. Here, we describe mating and spore dissection procedures for  Schizosaccharomyces japonicus  cells. Although the overall procedures resemble those used in  Schizosaccharomyces pombe , some differences exist, including the use of EMM2 medium without nitrogen (EMM-N) for mating and the shorter incubation time of 16-20 h for  S. japonicus  cells. Furthermore, the  S. japonicus  zygotes produce eight spores and thus require an \"octad\" analysis.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Furuya K, Niki H","authors_abbrev":"Furuya K et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Method or reagent","citation":"Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2017 Dec 01;2017(12):pdb.prot091843","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.1101/pdb.prot091843","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2017","pubmed_entrez_date":"2017-07-23","pubmed_publication_date":"01 Dec 2017","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Mating, Spore Dissection, and Selection of Diploid Cells in  Schizosaccharomyces japonicus .","uniquename":"PMID:28733401"}


id: GO_REF:0000047
data:
  {"abstract":"This describes a method for supplying a NOT-qualified, IKR-evidenced GO annotation to a gene product, when general sequence homology considerations would suggest a function or location, or a role in a biological process, but where a curator has determined that the absence of key sequence residues, known to be required for an expected activity or location, indicating the gene product is unlikely to be able to carry out the implied activity, involvement in a process or cellular component location. This reference should only be used used when an IKR-evidenced annotation is made based on curator judgement from manually reviewing the sequence of the gene product and where no publication can be found to support the curators conclusion. It is preferable to cite a peer-reviewed publication (such as a PubMed identifier) for IKR-evidenced annotations whenever possible. Curators will have carefully reviewed the sequence of the annotated protein, and established that the key residues known to be required for an expected activity or location are not present. Inclusion of an identifier in the 'with/from' field, that highlights to the user the lacking residues(e.g. an alignment, domain or rule identifier) is absolutely required when annotating to IKR with this GO_REF. Documentation on the GOC website provides more details on the <a href = \"http://www.geneontology.org/GO.evidence.shtml#ikr\">correct use of the IKR evidence code</a>.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO curators","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Gene Ontology annotation based on absence of key sequence residues.","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000047"}


id: PMID:19473263
data:
  {"abstract":"Schizosaccharomyces cells divide by medial septation, followed by enzymatic degradation of parts of the septum (septum cleavage) to allow the sister cells to separate from each other. In a previous study we found that the cell separation mutant sep9-307 was defective in a gene that encodes a protein highly similar in sequence to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein Spt8, a subunit of the SAGA complex. Here, we show that the sep9-307 mutation causes a frameshift in translation. The deletion of sep9(+) is not lethal but abolishes normal septum cleavage by reducing the activity of ace2(+), a gene coding for a transcription factor of numerous genes producing proteins for septum cleavage. Indirect evidence indicates that Sep9 might also act directly in the transcription of certain target genes (e.g. eng1(+)) of this regulator. sep9-307 is synthetically lethal with mutations in the cell separation genes sep11/med18(+) and sep15/med8(+), which encode subunits of the general transcription factor mediator. Heterologous expression of SPT8 and the putative Schizosaccharomyces japonicus sep9(+) orthologue cannot substitute for sep9(+). Both Spt8 and the fission yeast proteins have highly acidic (74-76 amino-acid long) N-terminal regions with no sequence conservation.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Batta G, Szilagyi Z, Laczik M, Sipiczki M","authors_abbrev":"Batta G et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Sequence feature or region","citation":"FEMS Yeast Res 2009 Aug;9(5):757-67","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.1111/j.1567-1364.2009.00522.x","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2009","pubmed_entrez_date":"2009-05-29","pubmed_publication_date":"Aug 2009","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"The involvement of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe sep9/spt8 gene in the regulation of septum cleavage.","uniquename":"PMID:19473263"}


id: PMID:25318672
data:
  {"abstract":"Excess fatty acids and sterols are stored as triacylglycerols and sterol esters in specialized cellular organelles, called lipid droplets. Understanding what determines the cellular amount of neutral lipids and their packaging into lipid droplets is of fundamental and applied interest. Using two species of fission yeast, we show that cycling cells deficient in the function of the ER-resident CDP-DG synthase Cds1 exhibit markedly increased triacylglycerol content and assemble large lipid droplets closely associated with the ER membranes. We demonstrate that these unusual structures recruit the triacylglycerol synthesis machinery and grow by expansion rather than by fusion. Our results suggest that interfering with the CDP-DG route of phosphatidic acid utilization rewires cellular metabolism to adopt a triacylglycerol-rich lifestyle reliant on the Kennedy pathway. ","alleles_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_00426:allele-1":{"allele_type":"amino_acid_mutation","description":"P363S","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_00426","name":"bbl1-P363S","uniquename":"SJAG_00426:allele-1"}},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":8,"community_curator":false,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","orcid":"0000-0002-8138-6851"}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2021-05-17","authors":"He Y, Yam C, Pomraning K, Chin JS, Yew JY, Freitag M, Oliferenko S","authors_abbrev":"He Y et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 02:38:06","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2021-05-17 12:42:41","canto_curator_name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_first_approved_date":"2021-05-17 12:42:41","canto_session_key":"f89ee2d26032c510","canto_session_submitted_date":"2021-05-17 12:42:28","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"Mol Biol Cell 2014 Dec 15;25(25):4083-95","cv_annotations":{"biological_process":[{"annotations":[115566],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0016024"}],"cellular_component":[{"annotations":[115567],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0005783"}],"molecular_function":[{"annotations":[115565],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0004605"}],"single_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115569],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000356"},{"annotations":[115568],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0006433"},{"annotations":[115571],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0004695"},{"annotations":[115570],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0002227"},{"annotations":[115572],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001357"}]},"doi":"10.1091/mbc.E14-03-0832","gene_count":1,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_00426":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{"bbl1-P363S-P363S-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type":{"display_name":"bbl1-P363S(aa)","display_uniquename":"bbl1-P363S-P363S-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_00426:allele-1","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]}]}},"ltp_gene_count":1,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2014","pubmed_entrez_date":"2014-10-17","pubmed_publication_date":"15 Dec 2014","terms_by_termid":{"FYECO:0000004":null,"FYECO:0000006":null,"FYECO:0000162":null,"FYPO:0000356":null,"FYPO:0001357":null,"FYPO:0002227":null,"FYPO:0004695":null,"FYPO:0006433":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000001":null,"GO:0004605":null,"GO:0005783":null,"GO:0008654":null,"GO:0016024":null},"title":"Increase in cellular triacylglycerol content and emergence of large ER-associated lipid droplets in the absence of CDP-DG synthase function.","uniquename":"PMID:25318672"}


id: GO_REF:0000090
data:
  {"abstract":"We have created a rule-based approach to create relations between the branches of the Gene Ontology. The approach uses the equivalence axioms and a given pattern to create non-subClassOf relationships between the three different branches of the Gene Ontology (biological process, molecular function, cellular component). Currently, there are the following rules: \"'transporter activity' and 'transports_or_maintains_localization_of' some X' -part_of-> \"transport and 'transports_or_maintains_localization_of' some X\"; \"'transmembrane transporter activity' and 'transports_or_maintains_localization_of' some X -part_of-> 'transmembrane transport' and 'transports_or_maintains_localization_of' some X\"","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO ontology editors","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Automatic creation of relationships between ontology branches in the Gene Ontology","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000090"}


id: GO_REF:0000028
data:
  {"abstract":"This GO reference describes the criteria used in assigning the evidence codes of IDA (ECO:0000314), IEP (ECO:0000270), ISS (ECO:0000250), IGC (ECO_0000317), RCA (ECO:0000245) and IEA (ECO:0000501) to annotate gene products from PAMGO_MGG. Standard BLASTP from NCBI was used (http://www.ncbi.nih.gov/blast) to iteratively search reciprocal best hits and thus identify orthologs between predicted proteins of Magnaporthe grisea and GO proteins from multiple organisms with published association to GO terms. The alignments were manually reviewed for those hits with e-value equal to zero and with 80% or better coverage of both query and subject sequences, and for those hits with e<=10^-20, pid >=35 and sequence coverage >=80%. Furthermore, experimental or reviewed data from literature and other sources were incorporated into the GO annotation. IDA was assigned to an annotation if normal function of its gene was determined through transfections into a cell line and overexpression. IEP was assigned to an annotation if according to microarray experiments, its gene was upregulated in a biological process and the fold change was equal to or bigger than 10, or if according to Massively Parallel Signature Sequencing (MPSS), its gene was upregulated only in a certain biological process and the fold change was equal to or bigger than 10. ISS was assigned to an annotation if the entry at the With_column was experimentally characterized and the pairwise alignments were manually reviewed. IGC was assigned to an annotation if it based on comparison and analysis of gene location and structure, clustering of genes, and phylogenetic reconstruction of these genes. RCA was assigned to an annotation if it based on integrated computational analysis of whole genome microarray data, and matches to InterPro, pfam, and COG etc. IEA was assigned to an annotation if its function assignment based on computational work, and no manual review was done.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"PAMGO_MGG curators","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Criteria for IDA, IEP, ISS, IGC, RCA, and IEA assignment in PAMGO_MGG","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000028"}


id: GO_REF:0000036
data:
  {"abstract":"The Gene Ontology Consortium uses the IC (Inferred by Curator) evidence code when an annotation cannot be supported by any direct evidence, but can be inferred by GO annotations that have been annotated to the same gene/gene product identifier in conjunction with the curator's knowledge of biology (supporting GO annotations must not be IC-evidenced). In many cases an IC-evidenced annotation simply applies the same reference that was used in the supporting GO annotation.  The use of IC evidence code in an annotation with reference GO_REF:0000036 signifies a curator inferred the GO term based on evidence from multiple sources of evidence/GO annotations. The 'with/from' field in these annotations will therefore supply more than one GO identifier, obtained from the set of supporting GO annotations assigned to the same gene/gene product identifier which cite publicly-available references.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO Annotation working group","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Manual annotations that require more than one source of functional data to support the assignment of the associated GO term","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000036"}


id: PMID:25942548
data:
  {"abstract":"New work shows the anillin-related protein Mid1 does not position the cytokinetic ring in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus, unlike its role in S. pombe. Further analysis suggests the conserved function of Mid1-like anillin proteins may be in scaffolding, not positioning, the cytokinetic ring. ","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Moseley JB","authors_abbrev":"Moseley JB","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Review or comment","citation":"Curr Biol 2015 May 04;25(9):R364-6","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2015.03.017","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2015","pubmed_entrez_date":"2015-05-06","pubmed_publication_date":"04 May 2015","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Cytokinesis: does Mid1 have an identity crisis?","uniquename":"PMID:25942548"}


id: PMID:7166567
data:
  {"abstract":"The fine structure of ascospore formation in the fission yeasts Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Schizosaccharomyces japonicus var. japonicus was studied by serial thin-sectioning and electron microscopy. The morphogenetic events were almost the same in both species. Ascospore development was initiated by the formation of the forespore membrane on the cytoplasmic side of the differentiated nucleus-associated organelle (NAO) in the interval between meiosis I and II in S. pombe, or during the post-meiotic nuclear division in S. japonicus, and the process proceeded almost synchronously through the two or four nuclei in the ascus. The forespore membrane developed by fusion of the cytoplasmic vesicles and this was clearly demonstrated in S. japonicus where the behaviour of vesicles involved in the forespore membrane development could be traced as they were marked by the presence of electron-dense granules. The staining technique, by phosphotungustic acid--chromic acid (PTA-CA) after treatment with periodic acid, was used to attempt to elucidate the origin and the nature of the forespore membrane. The method specific to plasmalemma-type membranes stained both ascus and ascospore plasmalemmas; the forespore membrane was not stained at first but developed the same affinity for stain as the plasma membrane in the course of ascospore development. The results suggest that the forespore membrane did not come directly from the ascus plasma membrane, but from another membrane system such as the endoplasmic reticulum. Spore wall material was deposited in the space between the inner and outer leaflets of the forespore membrane.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Tanaka K, Hirata A","authors_abbrev":"Tanaka K et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Cell composition or WT feature","citation":"J Cell Sci 1982 Aug;56:263-79","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"1982","pubmed_entrez_date":"1982-08-01","pubmed_publication_date":"Aug 1982","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Ascospore development in the fission yeasts Schizosaccharomyces pombe and S. japonicus.","uniquename":"PMID:7166567"}


id: PMID:32243490
data:
  {"abstract":"The nuclear envelope (NE) undergoes dynamic remodeling to maintain NE integrity, a process involving the inner nuclear membrane protein LEM2 recruiting CHMP7/Cmp7 and then ESCRT-III. However, prior work has hinted at CHMP7/ESCRT-independent mechanisms. To identify such mechanisms, we studied NE assembly in Schizosaccharomyces japonicus, a fission yeast that undergoes partial mitotic NE breakdown and reassembly. S. japonicus cells lacking Cmp7 have compromised NE sealing after mitosis but are viable. A genetic screen identified mutations that promote NE integrity in cmp7Δ cells. Unexpectedly, loss of Lem2 or its interacting partner Nur1 suppressed cmp7Δ defects. In the absence of Cmp7, Lem2 formed aggregates that appear to interfere with ESCRT-independent NE sealing. A gain-of-function mutation implicated a membrane and ESCRT-III regulator, Alx1, in this alternate pathway. Additional results suggest a potentially general role for unsaturated fatty acids in NE integrity. These findings establish the existence of mechanisms for NE sealing independent of the canonical ESCRT pathway.","alleles_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_01242:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_01242","name":"vps32delta","uniquename":"SJAG_01242:allele-1"},"SJAG_01745:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_01745","name":"lem2delta","uniquename":"SJAG_01745:allele-1"},"SJAG_03891:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03891","name":"alx1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_03891:allele-1"},"SJAG_05207:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_05207","name":"cmp7delta","uniquename":"SJAG_05207:allele-1"}},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":21,"community_curator":false,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","orcid":"0000-0002-8138-6851"},{"annotation_count":4,"community_curator":false,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Val Wood","orcid":"0000-0001-6330-7526"}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2021-07-09","authors":"Lee IJ, Stokasimov E, Dempsey N, Varberg JM, Jacob E, Jaspersen SL, Pellman D","authors_abbrev":"Lee IJ et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2021-07-14 11:10:55","canto_curator_name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_first_approved_date":"2021-07-09 15:55:25","canto_session_key":"e134ba05c345c3f5","canto_session_submitted_date":"2021-07-09 15:55:19","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"J Cell Biol 2020 06 01;219(6)","cv_annotations":{"biological_process":[{"annotations":[115472,115473,115474,115475],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0007084"}],"cellular_component":[{"annotations":[115471],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0005783"},{"annotations":[115457,115459,115469],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0044732"},{"annotations":[115458,115460,115468],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0005635"}],"single_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115461],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001375"},{"annotations":[115466],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000080"},{"annotations":[115462,115463,115470],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007772"},{"annotations":[115467],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000714"},{"annotations":[115464,115465],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001234"}]},"doi":"10.1083/jcb.201908232","gene_count":6,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_01050":null,"SJAG_01242":null,"SJAG_01745":null,"SJAG_03891":null,"SJAG_03943":null,"SJAG_05207":null},"genetic_interactions":[[{"gene_a_uniquename":"SJAG_01242","gene_b_uniquename":"SJAG_01050","interaction_type":"Phenotypic Suppression"},[{"reference_uniquename":"PMID:32243490","throughput":"low"}]],[{"gene_a_uniquename":"SJAG_01242","gene_b_uniquename":"SJAG_01745","interaction_type":"Phenotypic Suppression"},[{"reference_uniquename":"PMID:32243490","throughput":"low"}]],[{"gene_a_uniquename":"SJAG_01242","gene_b_uniquename":"SJAG_03891","interaction_type":"Phenotypic Enhancement"},[{"reference_uniquename":"PMID:32243490","throughput":"low"}]],[{"gene_a_uniquename":"SJAG_01745","gene_b_uniquename":"SJAG_01050","interaction_type":"Phenotypic Suppression"},[{"reference_uniquename":"PMID:32243490","throughput":"low"}]],[{"gene_a_uniquename":"SJAG_05207","gene_b_uniquename":"SJAG_03943","interaction_type":"Dosage Rescue"},[{"reference_uniquename":"PMID:32243490","throughput":"low"}]],[{"gene_a_uniquename":"SJAG_05207","gene_b_uniquename":"SJAG_01745","interaction_type":"Phenotypic Suppression"},[{"reference_uniquename":"PMID:32243490","throughput":"low"}]]],"genotypes_by_uniquename":{"alx1delta":{"display_name":"alx1delta","display_uniquename":"alx1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03891:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"cmp7delta":{"display_name":"cmp7delta","display_uniquename":"cmp7delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_05207:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"lem2delta":{"display_name":"lem2delta","display_uniquename":"lem2delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01745:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"vps32delta":{"display_name":"vps32delta","display_uniquename":"vps32delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01242:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]}},"ltp_gene_count":6,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2020","pubmed_entrez_date":"2020-04-04","pubmed_publication_date":"01 06 2020","terms_by_termid":{"FYECO:0000006":null,"FYPO:0000080":null,"FYPO:0000714":null,"FYPO:0001234":null,"FYPO:0001375":null,"FYPO:0007772":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000001":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000003":null,"GO:0005635":null,"GO:0005783":null,"GO:0007084":null,"GO:0044732":null},"title":"Factors promoting nuclear envelope assembly independent of the canonical ESCRT pathway.","uniquename":"PMID:32243490"}


id: PMID:34251689
data:
  {"abstract":"The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based gene targeting method, which can delete a specific gene or introduce tags, has been widely utilized to study gene function in fission yeast. One of the critical steps in this method is to design primers for amplifying DNA fragments of deletion or tagging modules and for checking the integration of those DNA fragments at designated loci. Although the primer design tool Pombe PCR Primer Program (PPPP) is available for Schizosaccharomyces pombe, there is no such publicly available application for the other three fission yeast species, S. cryophilus, S. japonicus, and S. octosporus. Likewise, no application enabling DNA/protein sequence retrieval for these three fission yeast species is available either. Therefore, access to such functionality would substantially assist in retrieval of gene sequences of interest and primer design in these fission yeast species. In this report, we describe two applications for fission yeast study: Yesprit and Yeaseq. Yesprit is a primer design tool for strain construction using the PCR-based method, and Yeaseq is a sequence viewer that can acquire the DNA/protein sequences of specific genes. Both tools can be run on the Windows, macOS, and Linux platforms. We believe that the Yesprit and Yeaseq will facilitate research using the four fission yeast species.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Wang X, Xu R, Wang Y, Liu Z, Lou R, Sugiyama T","authors_abbrev":"Wang X et al.","canto_added_date":"2023-05-04 00:40:04","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Method or reagent","citation":"Yeast 2021 Nov;38(11):583-591","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.1002/yea.3660","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2021","pubmed_entrez_date":"2021-07-12","pubmed_publication_date":"Nov 2021","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Yesprit and Yeaseq: Applications for designing primers and browsing sequences for research using the four Schizosaccharomyces species.","uniquename":"PMID:34251689"}


id: GO_REF:0000091
data:
  {"abstract":"We have created a standard template for classes describing the cell migration process for a cell type as a biological process. The underlying equivalence axiom template is \"'cell migration' and 'alters_location_of' some C\", where C is a native cell (CL:0000004).","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO ontology editors","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Representation of cell migration as biological processes in the Gene Ontology","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000091"}


id: PMID:21733045
data:
  {"abstract":"During open mitosis in higher eukaryotic cells, the nuclear envelope completely breaks down and then mitotic chromosomes are exposed in the cytoplasm. By contrast, mitosis in lower eukaryotes, including fungi, proceeds with the nucleus enclosed in an intact nuclear envelope. The mechanism of mitosis has been studied extensively in yeast, a closed mitosis organism. Here, we describe a form of mitosis in which the nuclear envelope is torn by elongation of the nucleus in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus. The mitotic nucleus of Sz. japonicus adopted a fusiform shape in anaphase, and its following extension caused separation. Finally, a tear in the nuclear envelope occurred in late anaphase. At the same time, a polarized-biased localization of nuclear pores was seen in the fusiform-shaped nuclear envelope, suggesting a compromise in the mechanical integrity of the lipid membrane. It has been known that nuclear membrane remains intact in some metazoan mitosis. We found that a similar tear of the nuclear envelope was also observed in late mitosis of the Caenorhabditis elegans embryo. These findings provide insight into the diversity of mitosis and the biological significance of breakdown of the nuclear envelope.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":2,"community_curator":true,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Sho Okamoto","orcid":null}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2022-11-21","authors":"Aoki K, Hayashi H, Furuya K, Sato M, Takagi T, Osumi M, Kimura A, Niki H","authors_abbrev":"Aoki K et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2022-11-21 17:28:56","canto_curator_name":"Sho Okamoto","canto_curator_role":"community","canto_first_approved_date":"2022-11-21 17:28:56","canto_session_key":"6063f08db89b54c7","canto_session_submitted_date":"2022-11-21 17:28:46","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"Genes Cells 2011 Sep;16(9):911-26","cv_annotations":{"cellular_component":[{"annotations":[115366],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0070762"},{"annotations":[115367],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0005816"}]},"doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2443.2011.01540.x","gene_count":1,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_03200":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":1,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2011","pubmed_entrez_date":"2011-07-08","pubmed_publication_date":"Sep 2011","terms_by_termid":{"GO:0005816":null,"GO:0070762":null},"title":"Breakage of the nuclear envelope by an extending mitotic nucleus occurs during anaphase in Schizosaccharomyces japonicus.","uniquename":"PMID:21733045"}


id: PMID:1934083
data:
  {"abstract":"By rhodamine-phalloidin fluorescence, distinct continuous F-actin rings were visualized in 18-20% of the protoplasts of Schizosaccharomyces pombe and S. japonicus var. versatilis, in addition to randomly distributed F-actin dots. Whereas the reversion of ring-lacking protoplasts coincided with the polarization of the dotted F-actin pattern, the ring-containing protoplasts became furrowed as the F-actin rings constricted. The furrowing was more conspicuous in S. japonicus var. versatilis than in S. pombe protoplasts and it was blocked when the reversion was inhibited by Novozyme 234 indicating that the cell wall formation is essential for the F-actin ring constriction.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Jochová J, Rupes I, Streiblová E","authors_abbrev":"Jochová J et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Cell composition or WT feature","citation":"Cell Biol Int Rep 1991 Jul;15(7):607-10","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"1991","pubmed_entrez_date":"1991-07-01","pubmed_publication_date":"Jul 1991","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"F-actin contractile rings in protoplasts of the yeast Schizosaccharomyces.","uniquename":"PMID:1934083"}


id: PMID:24699070
data:
  {"abstract":"The post-cytokinetic separation of cells in cell-walled organisms involves enzymic processes that degrade a specific layer of the division septum and the region of the mother cell wall that edges the septum. In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the 1,3-α-glucanase Agn1p, originally identified as a mutanase-like glycoside hydrolase family 71 (GH71) enzyme, dissolves the mother cell wall around the septum edge. Our search in the genomes of completely sequenced fungi identified GH71 hydrolases in Basidiomycota, Taphrinomycotina and Pezizomycotina, but not in Saccharomycotina. The most likely Agn1p orthologues in Pezizomycotina species are not mutanases having mutanase-binding domains, but experimentally non-characterized hypothetical proteins that have no carbohydrate-binding domains. The analysis of the GH71 domains corroborated the phylogenetic relationships of the Schizosaccharomyces species determined by previous studies, but suggested a closer relationship to the Basidiomycota proteins than to the Ascomycota proteins. In the Schizosaccharomyces genus, the Agn1p proteins are structurally conserved: their GH71 domains are flanked by N-terminal secretion signals and C-terminal sequences containing the conserved block YNFNA(Y)/HTG. The inactivation of the agn1(Sj) gene in Schizosaccharomyces japonicus, the only true dimorphic member of the genus, caused a severe cell-separation defect in its yeast phase, but had no effect on the hyphal growth and yeast-to-mycelium transition. It did not affect the mycelium-to-yeast transition either, only delaying the separation of the yeast cells arising from the fragmenting hyphae. The heterologous expression of agn1(Sj) partially rescued the separation defect of the agn1Δ cells of Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The results presented indicate that the fission yeast Agn1p 1,3-α-glucanases of Schizosaccharomyces japonicus and Schizosaccharomyces pombe share conserved functions in the yeast phase. ","alleles_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_03444:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03444","name":"agn1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_03444:allele-1"}},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":1,"community_curator":false,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","orcid":"0000-0002-8138-6851"},{"annotation_count":1,"community_curator":false,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Val Wood","orcid":"0000-0001-6330-7526"}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2021-07-09","authors":"Sipiczki M, Balazs A, Monus A, Papp L, Horvath A, Sveiczer A, Miklos I","authors_abbrev":"Sipiczki M et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2021-09-01 07:35:20","canto_curator_name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_first_approved_date":"2021-07-09 13:16:43","canto_session_key":"b8bc1733e6f2c600","canto_session_submitted_date":"2021-07-09 13:16:35","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"Microbiology (Reading) 2014 Jun;160(Pt 6):1063-1074","cv_annotations":{"biological_process":[{"annotations":[115634],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0030995"}],"single_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115633],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001971"}]},"doi":"10.1099/mic.0.077511-0","gene_count":1,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_03444":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{"agn1delta":{"display_name":"agn1delta","display_uniquename":"agn1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03444:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]}},"ltp_gene_count":1,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2014","pubmed_entrez_date":"2014-04-05","pubmed_publication_date":"Jun 2014","terms_by_termid":{"FYPO:0001971":null,"GO:0030995":null},"title":"Phylogenetic and comparative functional analysis of the cell-separation α-glucanase Agn1p in Schizosaccharomyces.","uniquename":"PMID:24699070"}


id: GO_REF:0000115
data:
  {"abstract":"Rfam (http://rfam.org, PMID:29112718) is a database of non-coding RNA families which are manually","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"RNAcentral (1). (1) European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Automatic Gene Ontology annotation of non-coding RNA sequences through association of Rfam records with GO terms","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000115"}


id: GO_REF:0000088
data:
  {"abstract":"We have created a standard template for classes defining a protein complex by a molecular function as a cellular component. The underlying equivalence axiom template is \"GO:0043234 and 'capable_of' some ?A\", where A is a molecular function.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO ontology editors","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Representation of protein complex by molecular function in the Gene Ontology","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000088"}


id: PMID:22572960
data:
  {"abstract":"The aim of mitosis is to produce two daughter nuclei, each containing a chromosome complement identical to that of the mother nucleus. This can be accomplished through a variety of strategies, with \"open\" and \"closed\" modes of mitosis positioned at the opposite ends of the spectrum and a range of intermediate patterns in between. In the \"closed\" mitosis, the nuclear envelope remains intact throughout the nuclear division. In the \"open\" division type, the envelope of the original nucleus breaks down early in mitosis and reassembles around the segregated daughter genomes. In any case, the nuclear membrane has to remodel to accommodate the mitotic spindle assembly, chromosome segregation and formation of the daughter nuclei. We have recently shown that within the fission yeast clade, the mitotic control of the nuclear surface area may determine the choice between the nuclear envelope breakdown and a fully \"closed\" division. Here we discuss our data and argue that comparative cell biology studies using two fission yeast species, Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Schizosaccharomyces japonicus, could provide unprecedented insights into physiology and evolution of mitosis.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Gu Y, Yam C, Oliferenko S","authors_abbrev":"Gu Y et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Review or comment","citation":"Nucleus 2012 May;3(3):220-5","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.4161/nucl.19514","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2012","pubmed_entrez_date":"2012-05-11","pubmed_publication_date":"May 2012","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Divergence of mitotic strategies in fission yeasts.","uniquename":"PMID:22572960"}


id: GO_REF:0000075
data:
  {"abstract":"We have created a standard template for classes describing the transport of a chemical entity (ChEBI) into a cellular component as a biological process. The underlying equivalence axiom template is \"GO:0006810 and 'has_target_end_location' some T and 'imports' some S\", where T is a cellular component and S is a chemical entity (CHEBI:24431). The approach to combine GO and ChEBI has been described in the following publication: PMID:23895341.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO ontology editors","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Representation of transport of a chemical into a cellular component as biological process in the Gene Ontology","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000075"}


id: PMID:26457121
data:
  {"abstract":"Transposable elements (TEs) are common constituents of centromeres. However, it is not known what causes this relationship. Schizosaccharomyces japonicus contains 10 families of Long Terminal Repeat (LTR)-retrotransposons and these elements cluster in centromeres and telomeres. In the related yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe LTR-retrotransposons Tf1 and Tf2 are distributed in the promoter regions of RNA pol II transcribed genes. Sequence analysis of TEs indicates that Tj1 of S. japonicus is related to Tf1 and Tf2, and uses the same mechanism of self-primed reverse transcription. Thus, we wondered why these related retrotransposons localized in different regions of the genome.\nTo characterize the integration behavior of Tj1 we expressed it in S. pombe. We found Tj1 was active and capable of generating de novo integration in the chromosomes of S. pombe. The expression of Tj1 is similar to Type C retroviruses in that a stop codon at the end of Gag must be present for efficient integration. 17 inserts were sequenced, 13 occurred within 12 bp upstream of tRNA genes and 3 occurred at other RNA pol III transcribed genes. The link between Tj1 integration and RNA pol III transcription is reminiscent of Ty3, an LTR-retrotransposon of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that interacts with TFIIIB and integrates upstream of tRNA genes.\nThe integration of Tj1 upstream of tRNA genes and the centromeric clustering of tRNA genes in S. japonicus demonstrate that the clustering of this TE in centromere sequences is due to a unique pattern of integration.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Guo Y, Singh PK, Levin HL","authors_abbrev":"Guo Y et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Sequence feature or region","citation":"Mob DNA 2015;6:19","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.1186/s13100-015-0048-2","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2015","pubmed_entrez_date":"2015-10-13","pubmed_publication_date":"2015","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"A long terminal repeat retrotransposon of Schizosaccharomyces japonicus integrates upstream of RNA pol III transcribed genes.","uniquename":"PMID:26457121"}


id: PMID:26896847
data:
  {"abstract":"Evolution provides the unifying framework with which to understand biology. The coherent investigation of genic and genomic data often requires comparative genomics analyses based on whole-genome alignments, sets of homologous genes and other relevant datasets in order to evaluate and answer evolutionary-related questions. However, the complexity and computational requirements of producing such data are substantial: this has led to only a small number of reference resources that are used for most comparative analyses. The Ensembl comparative genomics resources are one such reference set that facilitates comprehensive and reproducible analysis of chordate genome data. Ensembl computes pairwise and multiple whole-genome alignments from which large-scale synteny, per-base conservation scores and constrained elements are obtained. Gene alignments are used to define Ensembl Protein Families, GeneTrees and homologies for both protein-coding and non-coding RNA genes. These resources are updated frequently and have a consistent informatics infrastructure and data presentation across all supported species. Specialized web-based visualizations are also available including synteny displays, collapsible gene tree plots, a gene family locator and different alignment views. The Ensembl comparative genomics infrastructure is extensively reused for the analysis of non-vertebrate species by other projects including Ensembl Genomes and Gramene and much of the information here is relevant to these projects. The consistency of the annotation across species and the focus on vertebrates makes Ensembl an ideal system to perform and support vertebrate comparative genomic analyses. We use robust software and pipelines to produce reference comparative data and make it freely available. 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comparative genomics resources.","uniquename":"PMID:26896847"}


id: PMID:23934997
data:
  {"abstract":"Both budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and fission yeast Schizosaccahromyces pombe have been very popular organisms used for biological research with eukaryotes for many decades. Judging from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus DNA sequence determined 2 years ago, this species is evolutionarily very much unrelated to the commonly used yeasts for research. Indicating evolutionary divergence, the S. japonicus makes 8-spored asci and mitosis occurs with a partial breakdown of nuclear membrane whereas the other yeasts make 4-spored asci and cells divide without nuclear breakdown. The commonly used yeast species exhibit a generation time between 1.5 and 2.0 hr, and their genetic cross takes a period of more than 7 working d. As described here, a generation time of only 63 min and meiotic analysis completed in just 2.5 d, the S. japonicus fission yeast is predicted to become a choice organism for future research on the biology of eukaryotes. ","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Klar AJ","authors_abbrev":"Klar AJ","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Review or comment","citation":"G3 (Bethesda) 2013 Oct 03;3(10):1869-73","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.1534/g3.113.007187","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2013","pubmed_entrez_date":"2013-08-13","pubmed_publication_date":"03 Oct 2013","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Schizosaccharomyces japonicus yeast poised to become a favorite experimental organism for eukaryotic research.","uniquename":"PMID:23934997"}


id: GO_REF:0000078
data:
  {"abstract":"We have created a standard template for classes describing the transport or vesicle-mediated transport of a chemical entity (ChEBI) from and/or to a cellular component as a biological process. The underlying equivalence axiom templates are \"GO:0006810 and 'transports or maintains localization of' some X [ and 'has_target_start_location' some F] [ and 'has_target_end_location' some T]\" (transport) and \"GO:0016192 and 'transports or maintains localization of' some X [ and 'has_target_start_location' some F] [ and 'has_target_end_location' some T]\" (vesicle-mediated transport), where F and T are cellular components and X is a chemical entity (CHEBI:24431). The approach to combine GO and ChEBI has been described in the following publication: PMID:23895341.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO ontology editors","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Representation for the transport or vesicle-mediated transport of a chemical from and/or to a cell component as biological process in the Gene Ontology","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000078"}


id: PMID:34200466
data:
  {"abstract":"The Rho family of GTPases represents highly conserved molecular switches involved in a plethora of physiological processes. Fission yeast  Schizosaccharomyces pombe  has become a fundamental model organism to study the functions of Rho GTPases over the past few decades. In recent years, another fission yeast species,  Schizosaccharomyces japonicus , has come into focus offering insight into evolutionary changes within the genus. Both fission yeasts contain only six Rho-type GTPases that are spatiotemporally controlled by multiple guanine-nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), and whose intricate regulation in response to external cues is starting to be uncovered. In the present review, we will outline and discuss the current knowledge and recent advances on how the fission yeasts Rho family GTPases regulate essential physiological processes such as morphogenesis and polarity, cellular integrity, cytokinesis and cellular differentiation.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Vicente-Soler J, Soto T, Franco A, Cansado J, Madrid M","authors_abbrev":"Vicente-Soler J et al.","canto_added_date":"2023-05-04 00:40:04","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Review or comment","citation":"Cells 2021 Jun 07;10(6)","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.3390/cells10061422","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2021","pubmed_entrez_date":"2021-07-02","pubmed_publication_date":"07 Jun 2021","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"The Multiple Functions of Rho GTPases in Fission Yeasts.","uniquename":"PMID:34200466"}


id: PMID:35226668
data:
  {"abstract":"RNA interference (RNAi) is a conserved mechanism of small RNA-mediated genome regulation commonly involved in suppression of transposable elements (TEs) through both post-transcriptional silencing, and transcriptional repression via heterochromatin assembly. The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe has been extensively utilised as a model for studying RNAi pathways. However, this species is somewhat atypical in that TEs are not major targets of RNAi, and instead small RNAs correspond primarily to non-coding pericentromeric repeat sequences, reflecting a specialised role for the pathway in promoting heterochromatin assembly in these regions. In contrast, in the related fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus, sequenced small RNAs correspond primarily to TEs. This suggests there may be fundamental differences in the operation of RNAi pathways in these two related species. To investigate these differences, we probed RNAi function in S. japonicus. Unexpectedly, and in contrast to S. pombe, we found that RNAi is essential in this species. Moreover, viability of RNAi mutants can be rescued by mutations implicated in enhancing RNAi-independent heterochromatin propagation. These rescued strains retain heterochromatic marks on TE sequences, but exhibit derepression of TEs at the post-transcriptional level. Our findings indicate that S. japonicus retains the ancestral role of RNAi in facilitating suppression of TEs via both post-transcriptional silencing and heterochromatin assembly, with specifically the heterochromatin pathway being essential for viability, likely due to a function in genome maintenance. The specialised role of RNAi in heterochromatin assembly in S. pombe appears to be a derived state that emerged after the divergence of S. japonicus.","alleles_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_02409:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_02409","name":"stc1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_02409:allele-1"},"SJAG_02594:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_02594","name":"arb1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_02594:allele-1"},"SJAG_02621:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_02621","name":"ago1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_02621:allele-1"},"SJAG_02668:allele-1":{"allele_type":"amino_acid_mutation","description":"R77W","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_02668","name":"mpe1-R77W","uniquename":"SJAG_02668:allele-1"},"SJAG_03118:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03118","name":"leo1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_03118:allele-1"},"SJAG_03118:allele-2":{"allele_type":"nonsense_mutation","description":"aa61->stop","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03118","name":"frameshift","uniquename":"SJAG_03118:allele-2"},"SJAG_03356:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03356","name":"rdp1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_03356:allele-1"},"SJAG_03689:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03689","name":"dcr1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_03689:allele-1"},"SJAG_03916:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03916","name":"chp1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_03916:allele-1"},"SJAG_04061:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_04061","name":"arb2delta","uniquename":"SJAG_04061:allele-1"},"SJAG_04574:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_04574","name":"clr4delta","uniquename":"SJAG_04574:allele-1"}},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":31,"community_curator":false,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","orcid":"0000-0002-8138-6851"}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2022-03-07","authors":"Chapman E, Taglini F, Bayne EH","authors_abbrev":"Chapman E et al.","canto_added_date":"2022-03-07 09:13:19","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2022-03-07 12:35:06","canto_curator_name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_first_approved_date":"2022-03-07 12:35:06","canto_session_key":"3d6467bf1cb92446","canto_session_submitted_date":"2022-03-07 12:34:56","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"PLoS Genet 2022 Feb 28;18(2):e1010100","cv_annotations":{"biological_process":[{"annotations":[115527,115528],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0031507"},{"annotations":[115525,115526],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0016441"}],"multi_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115521,115523],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0004982"},{"annotations":[115522,115524],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0004573"},{"annotations":[115518],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0002061"},{"annotations":[115519,115520],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0006989"},{"annotations":[115513,115514,115515,115516],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0002058"}],"single_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115507],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0004205"},{"annotations":[115509],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0004982"},{"annotations":[115511],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000595"},{"annotations":[115508],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0004574"},{"annotations":[115500,115501,115502,115503,115504,115505,115506,115517],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0002061"},{"annotations":[115512],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0006989"},{"annotations":[115510],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000596"}]},"doi":"10.1371/journal.pgen.1010100","gene_count":10,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_02409":null,"SJAG_02594":null,"SJAG_02621":null,"SJAG_02668":null,"SJAG_03118":null,"SJAG_03356":null,"SJAG_03689":null,"SJAG_03916":null,"SJAG_04061":null,"SJAG_04574":null},"genetic_interactions":[[{"gene_a_uniquename":"SJAG_03689","gene_b_uniquename":"SJAG_03118","interaction_type":"Phenotypic Suppression"},[{"reference_uniquename":"PMID:35226668","throughput":"low"}]],[{"gene_a_uniquename":"SJAG_03689","gene_b_uniquename":"SJAG_02668","interaction_type":"Phenotypic Suppression"},[{"reference_uniquename":"PMID:35226668","throughput":"low"}]]],"genotypes_by_uniquename":{"ago1delta":{"display_name":"ago1delta","display_uniquename":"ago1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_02621:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"ago1delta__leo1delta":{"display_name":"ago1delta leo1delta","display_uniquename":"ago1delta__leo1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_02621:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]},{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03118:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"arb1delta":{"display_name":"arb1delta","display_uniquename":"arb1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_02594:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"arb2delta":{"display_name":"arb2delta","display_uniquename":"arb2delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04061:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"chp1delta":{"display_name":"chp1delta","display_uniquename":"chp1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03916:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"clr4delta":{"display_name":"clr4delta","display_uniquename":"clr4delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04574:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"clr4delta__leo1delta":{"display_name":"clr4delta leo1delta","display_uniquename":"clr4delta__leo1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04574:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]},{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03118:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"dcr1delta":{"display_name":"dcr1delta","display_uniquename":"dcr1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03689:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"dcr1delta__frameshift-aa61->stop-nonsense_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type":{"display_name":"dcr1delta frameshift(aa61->stop)","display_uniquename":"dcr1delta__frameshift-aa61->stop-nonsense_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03689:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]},{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03118:allele-2","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]}]},"dcr1delta__leo1delta":{"display_name":"dcr1delta leo1delta","display_uniquename":"dcr1delta__leo1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03689:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]},{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03118:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"dcr1delta__mpe1-R77W-R77W-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type":{"display_name":"dcr1delta mpe1-R77W(aa)","display_uniquename":"dcr1delta__mpe1-R77W-R77W-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03689:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]},{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_02668:allele-1","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]}]},"rdp1delta":{"display_name":"rdp1delta","display_uniquename":"rdp1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03356:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"stc1delta":{"display_name":"stc1delta","display_uniquename":"stc1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_02409:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]}},"ltp_gene_count":10,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2022","pubmed_entrez_date":"2022-02-28","pubmed_publication_date":"28 Feb 2022","terms_by_termid":{"FYECO:0000005":null,"FYECO:0000162":null,"FYPO:0000595":null,"FYPO:0000596":null,"FYPO:0002058":null,"FYPO:0002061":null,"FYPO:0004205":null,"FYPO:0004573":null,"FYPO:0004574":null,"FYPO:0004982":null,"FYPO:0006989":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000001":null,"GO:0016441":null,"GO:0031507":null},"title":"Separable roles for RNAi in regulation of transposable elements and viability in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus.","uniquename":"PMID:35226668"}


id: GO_REF:0000024
data:
  {"abstract":"Method for transferring manual annotations to an entry based on a curator's judgment of its similarity to a putative ortholog that has annotations that are supported with experimental evidence. Annotations are created when a curator judges that the sequence of a protein shows high similarity to another protein that has annotation(s) supported by experimental evidence (and therefore display one of the evidence codes EXP, IDA, IGI, IMP, IPI or IEP). Annotations resulting from the transfer of GO terms display the 'ISS' evidence code and include an accession for the protein from which the annotation was projected in the 'with' field (column 8). This field can contain either a UniProtKB accession or an IPI (International Protein Index) identifier. Only annotations with an experimental evidence code and which do not have the 'NOT' qualifier are transferred. Putative orthologs are chosen using information combined from a variety of complementary sources. Potential orthologs are initially identified using sequence similarity search programs such as BLAST. Orthology relationships are then verified manually using a combination of resources including sequence analysis tools, phylogenetic and comparative genomics databases such as Ensembl Compara, INPARANOID and OrthoMCL, as well as other specialised databases such as species-specific collections (e.g. HGNC's HCOP). In all cases curators check each alignment and use their experience to assess whether similarity is considered to be strong enough to infer that the two proteins have a common function so that they can confidently project an annotation. While there is no fixed cut-off point in percentage sequence similarity, generally proteins which have greater than 30% identity that covers greater than 80% of the length of both proteins are examined further. For mammalian proteins this cut-off tends to be higher, with an average of 80% identity over 90% of the length of both proteins. Strict orthologs are desirable but not essential. In general, when there is evidence of multiple paralogs for a single species, annotations using less specific GO terms are transferred to the paralogs, however, annotations using more specific GO terms may be transferred to the most similar paralog in each species, this decision is taken on a case by case basis and may be influenced by statements by researchers in the field. Further detailed information on this procedure, including how ISS annotations are made to protein isoforms, can be found at: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/GOA/ISS_method.html.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"AgBase, BHF-UCL, Parkinson's UK-UCL, dictyBase, HGNC, Roslin Institute, FlyBase and UniProtKB curators.","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{"biological_process":[{"annotations":[78580],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0000122"}],"cellular_component":[{"annotations":[78577],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0005869"}],"molecular_function":[{"annotations":[78578],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0001227"},{"annotations":[78579],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0000978"}]},"gene_count":2,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_00124":null,"SJAG_01739":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{"GO:0000122":null,"GO:0000978":null,"GO:0001227":null,"GO:0005869":null},"title":"Manual transfer of experimentally-verified manual GO annotation data to orthologs by curator judgment of sequence similarity.","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000024"}


id: GO_REF:0000011
data:
  {"abstract":"A Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a statistical representation of patterns found in a data set. When using HMMs with proteins, the HMM is a statistical model of the patterns of the amino acids found in a multiple alignment of a set of proteins called the \"seed\". Seed proteins are chosen based on sequence similarity to each other. Seed members can be chosen with different levels of relationship to each other. They can be members of a superfamily (ex. ABC transporter, ATP-binding proteins), they can all share the same exact specific function (ex. biotin synthase) or they could share another type of relationship of intermediate specificity (ex. subfamily, domain). New proteins can be scored against the model generated from the seed according to how closely the patterns of amino acids in the new proteins match those in the seed. There are two scores assigned to the HMM which allow annotators to judge how well any new protein scores to the model. Proteins scoring above the \"trusted cutoff\" score can be assumed to be part of the group defined by the seed. Proteins scoring below the \"noise cutoff\" score can be assumed to NOT be a part of the group. Proteins scoring between the trusted and noise cutoffs may be part of the group but may not. One of the important features of HMMs is that they are built from a multiple alignment of protein sequences, not a pairwise alignment. This is significant, since shared similarity between many proteins is much more likely to indicate shared functional relationship than sequence similarity between just two proteins. The usefulness of an HMM is directly related to the amount of care that is taken in chosing the seed members, building a good multiple alignment of the seed members, assessing the level of specificity of the model, and choosing the cutoff scores correctly. In order to properly assess what functional relevance an above-trusted scoring HMM match has to a query, one must carefully determine what the functional scope of the HMM is. If the HMM models proteins that all share the same function then it is likely possible to assign a specific function to high-scoring match proteins based on the HMM. If the HMM models proteins that have a wide variety of functions, then it will not be possible to assign a specific function to the query based on the HMM match, however, depending on the nature of the HMM in question, it may be possible to assign a more general (family or subfamily level) function. In order to determine the functional scope of an HMM, one must carefully read the documentation associated with the HMM. The annotator must also consider whether the function attributed to the proteins in the HMM makes sense for the query based on what is known about the organism in which the query protein resides and in light of any other information that might be available about the query protein. After carefully considering all of these issues the annotator makes an annotation.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Michelle Gwinn, TIGR curators","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Hidden Markov Models (TIGR)","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000011"}


id: PMID:11504450
data:
  {"abstract":"We compared the effects of four quaternary benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids--chelerythrine, chelilutine, sanguinarine, and sanguilutine--and two quaternary protoberberine alkaloids-berberine and coptisine--on the human cell line HeLa (cervix carcinoma cells) and the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces japonicus var. versatilis. The ability of alkaloids to display primary fluorescence, allowed us to record their dynamics and localization in cells. Cytotoxic, anti-microtubular, and anti-actin effects in living cells were studied. In the yeasts, neither microtubules nor cell growth was seriously affected even at the alkaloid concentration of 100 microg/ml. The HeLa cells, however, responded to the toxic effect of alkaloids at concentrations ranging from 1 to 50 microg/ml. IC50 values for individual alkaloids were: sanguinarine IC50 = 0.8 microg/ml, sanguilutine IC50 = 8.3 microg/ml, chelerythrine IC50 = 6.2 microg/ml, chelilutine IC50 = 5.2 microg/ml, coptisine IC50 = 2.6 microg/ml and berberine IC50 > 10.0 microg/ml. In living cells, sanguinarine produced a decrease in microtubule numbers, particularly at the cell periphery, at a concentration of 0.1 microg/ml. The other alkaloids showed a similar effect but at higher concentrations (5-50 microg/ml). The strongest effects of sanguinarine were explained as a consequence of its easy penetration through the cell membrane owing to nonpolar pseudobase formation and to a high degree of molecular planarity.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Slaninová I, Táborská E, Bochoráková H, Slanina J","authors_abbrev":"Slaninová I et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Cell composition or WT feature","citation":"Cell Biol Toxicol 2001;17(1):51-63","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2001","pubmed_entrez_date":"2001-08-16","pubmed_publication_date":"2001","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Interaction of benzo[c]phenanthridine and protoberberine alkaloids with animal and yeast cells.","uniquename":"PMID:11504450"}


id: PMID:9396147
data:
  {"abstract":"Both living and fixed cells of Schizosaccharomyces japonicus var. versatilis showed thread-like mitochondria when studied by phase-contrast and fluorescence microscopy. In the interphase cells, mitochondria extended from pole to pole and converged towards the growing tips. The mitochondrial threads did not disrupt but persisted during mitosis and, subsequently, their bundle was split between the two daughter cells by a concentrically growing septum. Mitochondria in the interphase cells were accompanied by cytoplasmic microtubules. These disappeared during mitosis and, instead, spindle microtubules were formed in the nucleus. The cytoplasmic microtubules reappeared after anaphase B, again in coaligment with mitochondria. Protoplasting as well as the action of microtubule inhibitors methyl-1-(butylcarbamoyl)-2-benzimidazolecarbamate (benomyl) and 2-methylbenzimidazole (MBC) resulted in rapid disintegration of microtubules and, suprisingly, also in disruption of mitochondria into small bodies. Removal of the inhibitors or a short regeneration of protoplasts allowed both the cytoplasmic microtubules and the thread-like mitochondria to reaggregate into the original pattern. Cytochalasin D treatment caused a complete disintegration of actin filaments, while the cytoplasmic microtubules and mitochondria remained intact. These findings of a transient close association of mitochondria and microtubules and their relative independence of the arrangement of actin filaments suggest that microtubules, but not actin cables, form supports for positioning or movement of mitochondria along the cylindrical cells. The persistence of mitochondria in the cell centre during mitosis may be accounted for by the fact that disrupted microtubules fail to provide support for mitochondrial movement towards the cell poles.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Svoboda A, Slaninová I","authors_abbrev":"Svoboda A et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Cell composition or WT feature","citation":"Can J Microbiol 1997 Oct;43(10):945-53","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"1997","pubmed_entrez_date":"1997-12-13","pubmed_publication_date":"Oct 1997","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Colocalization of microtubules and mitochondria in the yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus var. versatilis.","uniquename":"PMID:9396147"}


id: GO_REF:0000113
data:
  {"abstract":"The TFClass (http://tfclass.bioinf.med.uni-goettingen.de/index.jsf) database provides a comprehensive classification of mammalian DNA binding transcription factors (DbTFs) based on their DNA binding domains (DBDs) (PMID:29087517). TFClass classifies mammalian DbTFs by a five-level classification in which the four highest levels represent groups defined by structural and sequence similarities (superclass, class, family, subfamily, and genera) (more details at http://www.edgar-wingender.de/TFClass_schema.html). This classification is based on the combination of background knowledge of the molecular structural features of DBDs (PMID:9340487, PMID:23427989) and phylogenetic trees constructed via multiple sequence alignment with hierarchical clustering of manually validated DBDs and/or full-length protein sequences retrieved from UniProt (PMID:23427989, PMID:23180794, PMID:23427989). ","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Marcio Luis Acencio (1), George Georghiou (2), Sandra Orchard (2), Liv Thommensen (1), Martin Kuiper (1) and Astrid Lægreid (1). (1) Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway; (2) European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI), Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Gene Ontology annotation of human sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factors (DbTFs) based on the TFClass database","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000113"}


id: PMID:23145069
data:
  {"abstract":"The ERH gene encodes a highly conserved small nuclear protein with a unique amino acid sequence and three-dimensional structure but unknown function. The gene is present in animals, plants, and protists but to date has only been found in few fungi. Here we report that ERH homologs are also present in all four species from the genus Schizosaccharomyces, S. pombe, S. octosporus, S. cryophilus, and S. japonicus, which, however, are an exception in this respect among Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. The ERH protein sequence is moderately conserved within the genus (58% identity between S. pombe and S.japonicus), but the intron-rich genes have almost identical intron-exon organizations in all four species. In S. pombe, erh1(+) is expressed at a roughly constant level during vegetative growth and adaptation to unfavorable conditions such as nutrient limitation and hyperosmotic stress caused by sorbitol. Erh1p localizes preferentially to the nucleus with the exception of the nucleolus, but is also present in the cytoplasm. Cells lacking erh1(+) have an aberrant cell morphology and a comma-like shape when cultured to the stationary phase, and exhibit a delayed recovery from this phase followed by slower growth. Loss of erh1(+) in an auxotrophic background results in enhanced arrest in the G1 phase following nutritional stress, and also leads to hypersensitivity to agents inducing hyperosmotic stress (sorbitol), inhibiting DNA replication (hydroxyurea), and destabilizing the plasma membrane (SDS); this hypersensitivity can be abolished by expression of S. pombe erh1(+) and, to a lesser extent, S. japonicus erh1(+) or human ERH. Erh1p fails to interact with the human Ciz1 and PDIP46/SKAR proteins, known molecular partners of human ERH. Our data suggest that in Schizosaccharomyces sp. erh1(+) is non-essential for normal growth and Erh1p could play a role in response to adverse environmental conditions and in cell cycle regulation.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Krzyzanowski MK, Kozlowska E, Kozlowski P","authors_abbrev":"Krzyzanowski MK et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Sequence feature or region","citation":"PLoS One 2012;7(11):e49059","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0049059","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2012","pubmed_entrez_date":"2012-11-13","pubmed_publication_date":"2012","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Identification and functional analysis of the erh1(+) gene encoding enhancer of rudimentary homolog from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.","uniquename":"PMID:23145069"}


id: GO_REF:0000108
data:
  {"abstract":"GO terms are automatically assigned based on inter-ontology links to generate inferred annotations. Annotations from Molecular Function to Biological Process can be propagated, as well as between Biological Process and Cellular Component. Annotations that are created using this inference method receive either the evidence code ECO:0000366 (evidence based on logical inference from automatic annotation used in automatic assertion) or ECO:0000364 (evidence based on logical inference from manual annotation used in automatic assertion), depending on whether the source annotation has a manual or automatic evidence code. Both of these codes map up to the GO Inferred from Electronic Annotation (IEA) evidence code.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GOA 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id: PMID:37457408
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id: GO_REF:0000109
data:
  {"abstract":"Trypanosomes are exquisitely structured cells in which protein localisation can be extremely informative for likely function. TrypTag is a project using expression of N- and C-terminal mNeonGreen fusion proteins from the endogenous loci to determine the subcellular localisation of every gene in the Trypanosoma brucei genome. GO Cellular Component terms are manually assigned by curators studying fluorescence microscope images of the resulting cells labelled with mNeonGreen fusion proteins. As trypanosomes are a pathogenic basal eukaryote, this will indicate likely function of both highly conserved eukaryote genes and parasite-specific genes. Resource URL: http://www.tryptag.org Protein subcellular localisation images can be viewed on the Tryptag website, e.g. http://www.tryptag.org?id=Tb927.8.1550","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"TrypTag","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Gene Ontology annotation based on curation of genome-wide subcellular localisation of proteins using fluorescent protein tagging in Trypanosoma brucei","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000109"}


id: GO_REF:0000022
data:
  {"abstract":"GO terms describing processes, functions, and cellular components related to the immune system have existed in the GO from its beginning and been used extensively in the annotation of gene products. However, particularly in the biological process ontology, the initial set of terms relating to immunology failed to cover the breadth of known immunological processes, and in many cases diverged from current usage and understanding in their names, definitions, and ontological placement. As part of a larger effort to improve the representation of immunology in the GO, a GO Content Meeting was held November 15-16, 2005, at The Institute for Genomic Research, to discuss improvements to representation of immunology in the biological process ontology of the GO. As a result of the meeting, a number of high level terms for immunological processes were created, an overall structure for immunologically related terms was established, and certain existing terms were renamed or redefined as well to bring them in line with current usage.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Alison Deckhut Augustine (1), Alan Collmer (2), Judith A. Blake (3, 4), Candace W. Collmer (2, 3), Shane C. Burgess (5), Lindsay Grey Cowell (6), Jennifer I. Clark (3, 7), Bernard de Bono (7), Russell T. Collins (8), Alexander D. Diehl (3, 4), Michelle Gwinn Giglio (3, 9), Jamie A. Lee (10), Linda Hannick (3, 9), Jane Lomax (3, 7), Midori A. Harris (3, 7), Christopher J. Mungall (3, 11), David P. Hill (3, 4), Richard H. Scheuermann (10), Amelia Ireland (3, 7), Alessandro Sette (12) (1. NIAID, 2. Cornell University, 3. The GO Consortium, 4. Mouse Genome Informatics, 5. Mississippi State University, 6. Duke University, 7. EMBL-EBI, 8. University of Cambridge, 9. The Institute for Genomic Research, 10. U.T. Southwestern Medical Center, 11. HHMI, 12. La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology)","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Improving the representation of immunology in the biological process Ontology","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000022"}


id: GO_REF:0000068
data:
  {"abstract":"We have created a standard template for classes each describing the metabolism, catabolism, or biosynthesis of a chemical entity (ChEBI) as a process. The underlying equivalence axiom templates are \"GO:0008152 and 'has participant' some X\" (metabolism), \"GO:0009056 and 'has input' some X\" (catabolism), \"GO:0009058 and 'has output' some X\" and (biosynthesis),  where X is a chemical entity (CHEBI:24431). The approach to combine GO and ChEBI has been described in the following publication: PMID:23895341.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO ontology editors","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Representation of metabolic triad (metabolism, catabolism, biosynthesis) as biological process in the Gene Ontology","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000068"}


id: PMID:37164017
data:
  {"abstract":"Most eukaryotes respire oxygen, using it to generate biomass and energy. However, a few organisms have lost the capacity to respire. Understanding how they manage biomass and energy production may illuminate the critical points at which respiration feeds into central carbon metabolism and explain possible routes to its optimization. Here, we use two related fission yeasts, Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Schizosaccharomyces japonicus, as a comparative model system. We show that although S. japonicus does not respire oxygen, unlike S. pombe, it is capable of efficient NADH oxidation, amino acid synthesis, and ATP generation. We probe possible optimization strategies through the use of stable isotope tracing metabolomics, mass isotopologue distribution analysis, genetics, and physiological experiments. S. japonicus appears to have optimized cytosolic NADH oxidation via glycerol-3-phosphate synthesis. It runs a fully bifurcated TCA pathway, sustaining amino acid production. Finally, we propose that it has optimized glycolysis to maintain high ATP/ADP ratio, in part by using the pentose phosphate pathway as a glycolytic shunt, reducing allosteric inhibition of glycolysis and supporting biomass generation. By comparing two related organisms with vastly different metabolic strategies, our work highlights the versatility and plasticity of central carbon metabolism in eukaryotes, illuminating critical adaptations supporting the preferential use of glycolysis over oxidative phosphorylation.","alleles_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_00409:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_00409","name":"gpd1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_00409:allele-1"},"SJAG_00601:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_00601","name":"rip1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_00601:allele-1"},"SJAG_01355:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_01355","name":"cox6delta","uniquename":"SJAG_01355:allele-1"},"SJAG_01753:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_01753","name":"mdh1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_01753:allele-1"},"SJAG_02796:allele-1":{"allele_type":"amino_acid_mutation","description":"A343T","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_02796","name":"pyk1-A343T","uniquename":"SJAG_02796:allele-1"},"SJAG_03920:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03920","name":"sdh3delta","uniquename":"SJAG_03920:allele-1"},"SJAG_04843:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_04843","name":"fum1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_04843:allele-1"}},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":20,"community_curator":false,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","orcid":null}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2023-05-18","authors":"Alam S, Gu Y, Reichert P, Bähler J, Oliferenko S","authors_abbrev":"Alam S et al.","canto_added_date":"2023-05-12 00:40:04","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2023-05-18 12:11:55","canto_curator_name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_first_approved_date":"2023-05-18 12:11:54","canto_session_key":"94bcbfb72cf94809","canto_session_submitted_date":"2023-05-18 12:11:43","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"Curr Biol 2023 Apr 30;","cv_annotations":{"single_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115325],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007363"},{"annotations":[115323],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000026"},{"annotations":[115322],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001355"},{"annotations":[115324],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001489"},{"annotations":[115326],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0004165"},{"annotations":[115320,115321],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007790"},{"annotations":[115314,115317],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000760"},{"annotations":[115316,115319],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000579"},{"annotations":[115315,115318],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000590"},{"annotations":[115311,115312,115313],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001357"},{"annotations":[115310],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001234"},{"annotations":[115327,115328,115329],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0002058"}]},"doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2023.04.046","gene_count":7,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_00409":null,"SJAG_00601":null,"SJAG_01355":null,"SJAG_01753":null,"SJAG_02796":null,"SJAG_03920":null,"SJAG_04843":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{"cox6delta":{"display_name":"cox6delta","display_uniquename":"cox6delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01355:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"fum1delta":{"display_name":"fum1delta","display_uniquename":"fum1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04843:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"gpd1delta":{"display_name":"gpd1delta","display_uniquename":"gpd1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_00409:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"mdh1delta":{"display_name":"mdh1delta","display_uniquename":"mdh1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01753:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"pyk1-A343T-A343T-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type":{"display_name":"pyk1-A343T(aa)","display_uniquename":"pyk1-A343T-A343T-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_02796:allele-1","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]}]},"rip1delta":{"display_name":"rip1delta","display_uniquename":"rip1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_00601:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"sdh3delta":{"display_name":"sdh3delta","display_uniquename":"sdh3delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03920:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]}},"ltp_gene_count":7,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2023","pubmed_entrez_date":"2023-05-10","pubmed_publication_date":"30 Apr 2023","terms_by_termid":{"FYECO:0000005":null,"FYECO:0000015":null,"FYECO:0000126":null,"FYECO:0000137":null,"FYPO:0000026":null,"FYPO:0000579":null,"FYPO:0000590":null,"FYPO:0000760":null,"FYPO:0001234":null,"FYPO:0001355":null,"FYPO:0001357":null,"FYPO:0001489":null,"FYPO:0002058":null,"FYPO:0004165":null,"FYPO:0007363":null,"FYPO:0007790":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000001":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000002":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000003":null},"title":"Optimization of energy production and central carbon metabolism in a non-respiring eukaryote.","uniquename":"PMID:37164017"}


id: GO_REF:0000094
data:
  {"abstract":"We have created a standard template for classes describing the development of a metazoan structure as a biological process. The underlying equivalence axiom template is \"'anatomical structure development' and 'results in development of' some E\", where E is a anatomical entity (UBERON:0001062).","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO ontology editors","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Representation of metazoan development as biological process in the Gene Ontology","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000094"}


id: GO_REF:0000117
data:
  {"abstract":"Association-Rule-Based Annotator (ARBA) predicts Gene Ontology (GO) terms among other types of functional annotation such as Protein Description (DE), Keywords (KW), Enzyme Commission numbers (EC), subcellular LOcation (LO), etc. For all annotation types, reviewed UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot records having manual annotations as reference data are used to perform the machine learning phase and generate prediction models. For GO terms, ARBA has an additional feature to augment reference data using the relations between GO terms in the GO graph. The data augmentation is based on adding more general annotations into records containing manual GO terms, which will result in richer reference data. The predicted GO terms are then propagated to all unreviewed UniProtKB/TrEMBL proteins that meet the conditions of ARBA models. GO annotations using this technique receive the evidence code Inferred from Electronic Annotation (IEA; ECO:0000501).","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"UniProt","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{"biological_process":[{"annotations":[58347],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0016043"},{"annotations":[59250,64905,68228],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0006338"},{"annotations":[59243],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0006281"},{"annotations":[68551],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0016197"},{"annotations":[63710],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0051649"},{"annotations":[68552],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0006886"},{"annotations":[66935],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0061157"},{"annotations":[67748],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0044281"},{"annotations":[58791,65800],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0006772"}],"cellular_component":[{"annotations":[63469],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0005680"},{"annotations":[62779,65336],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0005938"},{"annotations":[65337],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0032153"},{"annotations":[58617],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0000785"},{"annotations":[57098,59283],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0005737"}],"molecular_function":[{"annotations":[65335],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0005096"},{"annotations":[69325],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0042393"},{"annotations":[59251],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0097159"},{"annotations":[61239],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0004521"}]},"gene_count":19,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_00510":null,"SJAG_00551":null,"SJAG_00773":null,"SJAG_00907":null,"SJAG_01445":null,"SJAG_01742":null,"SJAG_01869":null,"SJAG_01943":null,"SJAG_02047":null,"SJAG_02156":null,"SJAG_02701":null,"SJAG_02725":null,"SJAG_03058":null,"SJAG_03675":null,"SJAG_04180":null,"SJAG_04329":null,"SJAG_05161":null,"SJAG_06608":null,"SJAG_06641":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{"GO:0000785":null,"GO:0004521":null,"GO:0005096":null,"GO:0005680":null,"GO:0005737":null,"GO:0005938":null,"GO:0006281":null,"GO:0006338":null,"GO:0006772":null,"GO:0006886":null,"GO:0016043":null,"GO:0016197":null,"GO:0032153":null,"GO:0042393":null,"GO:0044281":null,"GO:0051649":null,"GO:0061157":null,"GO:0097159":null},"title":"Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by ARBA machine learning models","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000117"}


id: PMID:23786411
data:
  {"abstract":"Three types of mitosis, which are open, closed or semi-open mitosis, function in eukaryotic cells, respectively. The open mitosis involves breakage of the nuclear envelope before nuclear division, whereas the closed mitosis proceeds with an intact nuclear envelope. To understand the mechanism and significance of three types of mitotic division in eukaryotes, we investigated the process of semi-open mitosis, in which the nuclear envelope is only partially broken, in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus. In anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) mutants of Sz. japonicus, the nuclear envelope remained relatively intact during anaphase, resulting in impaired semi-open mitosis. As a suppressor of apc2 mutant, a mutation of Oar2, which was a 3-oxoacyl-[acyl carrier protein] reductase, was obtained. The level of the Oar2, which had two destruction-box motifs recognized by APC/C, was increased in APC/C mutants. Furthermore, the defective semi-open mitosis observed in an apc2 mutant was restored by mutated oar2+. Based on these findings, we propose that APC/C regulates the dynamics of the nuclear envelope through degradation of Oar2 dependent on APC/C during the metaphase-to-anaphase transition of semi-open mitosis in Sz. japonicus.","alleles_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_01946:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_01946","name":"cem1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_01946:allele-1"},"SJAG_01956:allele-1":{"allele_type":"amino_acid_mutation","description":"E405K ts","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_01956","name":"nuc2-1051","uniquename":"SJAG_01956:allele-1"},"SJAG_03198:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03198","name":"oar2delta","uniquename":"SJAG_03198:allele-1"},"SJAG_03198:allele-2":{"allele_type":"amino_acid_mutation","description":"Y189D cold sensitive","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03198","name":"oar2-51","uniquename":"SJAG_03198:allele-2"},"SJAG_03198:allele-3":{"allele_type":"amino_acid_mutation","description":"R72A,L75A,R106A,L109A","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03198","name":"oar2-dm12","synonyms":[{"name":"destruction box mutations","reference":"PMID:23786411","type":"exact"}],"uniquename":"SJAG_03198:allele-3"},"SJAG_03351:allele-1":{"allele_type":"amino_acid_mutation","description":"A186T ts","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03351","name":"cut23-415","uniquename":"SJAG_03351:allele-1"},"SJAG_03575:allele-1":{"allele_type":"amino_acid_mutation","description":"E548K ts","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03575","name":"apc2-361","uniquename":"SJAG_03575:allele-1"}},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":22,"community_curator":true,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Sho Okamoto","orcid":null}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2022-11-21","authors":"Aoki K, Shiwa Y, Takada H, Yoshikawa H, Niki H","authors_abbrev":"Aoki K et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2022-11-21 18:57:14","canto_curator_name":"Sho Okamoto","canto_curator_role":"community","canto_first_approved_date":"2022-11-21 18:57:14","canto_session_key":"a0c3e1394f326db9","canto_session_submitted_date":"2022-11-21 18:57:00","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"Genes Cells 2013 Sep;18(9):733-52","cv_annotations":{"cellular_component":[{"annotations":[115181],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0005730"}],"multi_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115195,115196,115197,115199],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000674"}],"single_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115182,115183,115184,115198],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000080"},{"annotations":[115191,115192,115193],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000618"},{"annotations":[115200,115201,115202],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001327"},{"annotations":[115188,115189,115190],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001387"},{"annotations":[115185,115186,115187],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000324"},{"annotations":[115194],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0004683"}]},"doi":"10.1111/gtc.12072","gene_count":6,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_00259":null,"SJAG_01946":null,"SJAG_01956":null,"SJAG_03198":null,"SJAG_03351":null,"SJAG_03575":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{"apc2-361-E548K_ts-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type":{"display_name":"apc2-361(E548K ts)","display_uniquename":"apc2-361-E548K_ts-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03575:allele-1","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]}]},"apc2-361-E548K_ts-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type__cem1delta":{"display_name":"apc2-361(E548K ts) cem1delta","display_uniquename":"apc2-361-E548K_ts-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type__cem1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03575:allele-1","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]},{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01946:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"apc2-361-E548K_ts-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type__oar2-51-Y189D_cold_sensitive-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type":{"display_name":"apc2-361(E548K ts) oar2-51(Y189D cold sensitive)","display_uniquename":"apc2-361-E548K_ts-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type__oar2-51-Y189D_cold_sensitive-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03575:allele-1","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]},{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03198:allele-2","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]}]},"apc2-361-E548K_ts-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type__oar2-dm12-R72A,L75A,R106A,L109A-amino_acid_mutation-expression-overexpression":{"display_name":"apc2-361(E548K ts) oar2-dm12(R72A,L75A,R106A,L109A aa)[Overexpression]","display_uniquename":"apc2-361-E548K_ts-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type__oar2-dm12-R72A,L75A,R106A,L109A-amino_acid_mutation-expression-overexpression","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03575:allele-1","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]},{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03198:allele-3","expression":"Overexpression"}]}]},"apc2-361-E548K_ts-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type__oar2delta":{"display_name":"apc2-361(E548K ts) oar2delta","display_uniquename":"apc2-361-E548K_ts-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type__oar2delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03575:allele-1","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]},{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03198:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"cem1delta":{"display_name":"cem1delta","display_uniquename":"cem1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01946:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"cut23-415-A186T_ts-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type":{"display_name":"cut23-415(A186T ts)","display_uniquename":"cut23-415-A186T_ts-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03351:allele-1","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]}]},"nuc2-1051-E405K_ts-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type":{"display_name":"nuc2-1051(E405K ts)","display_uniquename":"nuc2-1051-E405K_ts-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01956:allele-1","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]}]},"oar2-51-Y189D_cold_sensitive-amino_acid_mutation-expression-overexpression":{"display_name":"oar2-51(Y189D cold sensitive)[Overexpression]","display_uniquename":"oar2-51-Y189D_cold_sensitive-amino_acid_mutation-expression-overexpression","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03198:allele-2","expression":"Overexpression"}]}]},"oar2-dm12-R72A,L75A,R106A,L109A-amino_acid_mutation-expression-overexpression":{"display_name":"oar2-dm12(R72A,L75A,R106A,L109A aa)[Overexpression]","display_uniquename":"oar2-dm12-R72A,L75A,R106A,L109A-amino_acid_mutation-expression-overexpression","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03198:allele-3","expression":"Overexpression"}]}]},"oar2delta":{"display_name":"oar2delta","display_uniquename":"oar2delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03198:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]}},"ltp_gene_count":6,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2013","pubmed_entrez_date":"2013-06-22","pubmed_publication_date":"Sep 2013","references_by_uniquename":{"PMID:23786411":null},"terms_by_termid":{"FYECO:0000004":null,"FYECO:0000006":null,"FYECO:0000137":null,"FYPO:0000080":null,"FYPO:0000324":null,"FYPO:0000618":null,"FYPO:0000674":null,"FYPO:0001327":null,"FYPO:0001387":null,"FYPO:0004683":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000001":null,"GO:0005730":null},"title":"Regulation of nuclear envelope dynamics via APC/C is necessary for the progression of semi-open mitosis in Schizosaccharomyces japonicus.","uniquename":"PMID:23786411"}


id: GO_REF:0000101
data:
  {"abstract":"This reference is used to describe functional annotations transferred from one or more reference (\"source\") organisms to a newly annotated (\"target\") organism on the basis of ortholog cluster membership. In detail, predicted (e.g. by AUGUSTUS, see doi:10.1186/1471-2105-7-62) or transferred (e.g. via RATT, see doi:10:1093/nar/gkg1268) gene models in the target genome are translated and processed by OrthoMCL 1.4 together with reference protein sequences to produce clusters of gene products derived from orthologous genes. For each cluster, GO terms are automatically transferred from source products to the target gene products if they are experimentally verified (IDA (ECO:0000314), IMP (ECO:0000315), IPI (ECO:0000353), IGI (ECO:0000316), (EXP ECO:0000269). They are tagged with the ISO evidence code and the \"with/from\" is populated with the source feature references (e.g. \"GeneDB:LmjF.28.0960\"). OrthoMCL runs are done using the parameterization suggested in the OrthoMCL algorithm document (blastall -F 'm S' -e 1e-5).","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Sascha Steinbiss, GeneDB curators","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Automated transfer of experimentally-verified GO annotation data to close orthologs","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000101"}


id: GO_REF:0000059
data:
  {"abstract":"We have created a standard template for the definition of classes for the regulation of a molecular function. This includes the definitions for positive and negative regulation. The equivalence axiom templates are \"GO:0065007 and 'regulates' some X\" (regulation), \"GO:0065007 and 'negatively_regulates' some X\" (negative regulation), and \"GO:0065007 and 'positively_regulates' some X\" (positive regulation), where X is a molecular function.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO ontology editors","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Representation of regulation in the Gene Ontology (molecular function) ","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000059"}


id: GO_REF:0000015
data:
  {"abstract":"Direct annotations to any of the three root terms 'molecular function; GO:0003674', 'biological process; GO:0008150' or 'cellular component; GO:0005575' indicate that curators have found no data supporting an annotation to a more specific term, either in the literature and/or by sequence similarity for this gene or protein as of the date of the annotation.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO Curators","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Use of the ND evidence code for Gene Ontology (GO) terms.","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000015"}


id: GO_REF:0000072
data:
  {"abstract":"We have created a standard template for classes describing the homeostasis and cellular homeostasis for a chemical entity (ChEBI) as a biological process. The underlying equivalence axiom templates are \"GO:0048878 and 'regulates level of' some X\" (homeostasis) and \"GO:0055082 and 'regulates level of' some X\" (cellular homeostasis), where X is a chemical entity (CHEBI:24431). The approach to combine GO and ChEBI has been described in the following publication: PMID:23895341.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO ontology editors","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Representation of chemical homeostasis and cellular chemical homeostasisl as biological process in the Gene Ontology","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000072"}


id: PMID:37849458
data:
  {"abstract":"We previously demonstrated that we could hijack the fungal pheromone signaling pathway to provide a living yeast biosensor where peptide biomarkers were recognized by G-protein-coupled receptors and engineered to transcribe a readout. Here, we demonstrated that the protease could be reintroduced to the biosensor to provide a simple mechanism for distinguishing single-amino-acid changes in peptide ligands that, otherwise, would likely be difficult to detect using binding-based assays. We characterized the dose-response curves for five fungal pheromone G-protein-coupled receptors, peptides, and proteases -Saccharomyces cerevisiae ,  Candida albicans ,  Schizosaccharomyces pombe ,  Schizosaccharomyces octosporus , and  Schizosaccharomyces japonicus . Alanine scanning was carried out for the most selective of these- S. cerevisiae  and  C. albicans -with and without the protease. Two peptide variants were discovered, which showed diminished cleavage by the protease (CaPep2A and CaPep2A13A). Those peptides were then distinguished by utilizing the biosensor strains with and without the protease, which selectively cleaved and altered the apparent concentration of peptide required for half-maximal activation for 2 peptides-CaPep and CaPep13A, respectively-by more than one order of magnitude. These results support the hypothesis that the living yeast biosensor with a sequence-specific protease can translate single-amino-acid changes into more than one order of magnitude apparent shift in the concentration of peptide required for half-maximal activation. With further engineering by computational modeling and directed evolution, the biosensor could likely distinguish a wide variety of peptide sequences beyond the alanine scanning carried out here. In the future, we envision incorporating proteases into our living yeast biosensor for use as a point of care diagnostic, a scalable communication language, and other applications.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Crnković T, Bokor BJ, Lockwood ME, Cornish VW","authors_abbrev":"Crnković T et al.","canto_added_date":"2023-10-19 00:40:03","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Method or reagent","citation":"Biodes Res 2023;5:0003","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.34133/bdr.0003","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2023","pubmed_entrez_date":"2023-10-18","pubmed_publication_date":"2023","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Peptide Variant Detection by a Living Yeast Biosensor via an Epitope-Selective Protease.","uniquename":"PMID:37849458"}


id: PMID:23090706
data:
  {"abstract":"DNA damage response includes DNA repair, nucleotide metabolism and even a control of cell fates including differentiation, cell death pathway or some combination of these. The responses to DNA damage differ from species to species. Here we aim to delineate the checkpoint pathway in the dimorphic fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus, where DNA damage can trigger a differentiation pathway that is a switch from a bidirectional yeast growth mode to an apical hyphal growth mode, and the switching is regulated via a checkpoint kinase, Chk1. This Chk1-dependent switch to hyphal growth is activated with even low doses of agents that damage DNA; therefore, we reasoned that this switch may depend on other genes orthologous to the components of the classical Sz. pombe Chk1-dependent DNA checkpoint pathway. As an initial test of this hypothesis, we assessed the effects of mutations in Sz. japonicus orthologs of Sz. pombe checkpoint genes on this switch from bidirectional to hyphal growth. The same set of DNA checkpoint genes was confirmed in Sz. japonicus. We tested the effect of each DNA checkpoint mutants on hyphal differentiation by DNA damage. We found that the Sz. japonicus hyphal differentiation pathway was dependent on Sz. japonicus orthologs of Sz. pombe checkpoint genes-(SP)rad3, (SP)rad26, (SP)rad9, (SP)rad1, (SP)rad24, (SP)rad25, (SP)crb2, and (SP)chk1-that function in the DNA damage checkpoint pathway, but was not dependent on orthologs of two Sz. pombe genes-(SP)cds1 or (SP)mrc1-that function in the DNA replication checkpoint pathway. These findings indicated that although the role of each component of the DNA damage checkpoint and DNA replication checkpoint is mostly same between the two fission yeasts, the DNA damage checkpoint was the only pathway that governed DNA damage-dependent hyphal growth. We also examined whether DNA damage checkpoint signaling engaged in functional crosstalk with other hyphal differentiation pathways because hyphal differentiation can also be triggered by nutritional stress. Here, we discovered genetic interactions that indicated that the cAMP pathway engaged in crosstalk with Chk1-dependent signaling.","alleles_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_00364:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_00364","name":"rad3delta","uniquename":"SJAG_00364:allele-1"},"SJAG_00429:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_00429","name":"rad26delta","uniquename":"SJAG_00429:allele-1"},"SJAG_01205:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_01205","name":"crb2delta","uniquename":"SJAG_01205:allele-1"},"SJAG_01605:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_01605","name":"rad9delta","uniquename":"SJAG_01605:allele-1"},"SJAG_01680:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_01680","name":"chk1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_01680:allele-1"},"SJAG_01680:allele-2":{"allele_type":"amino_acid_mutation","description":"P470L","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_01680","name":"chk1-P470L","synonyms":[{"name":"chk1- hyperactive (chk1-hyp)","reference":"PMID:23090706","type":"exact"},{"name":"chk1-hyperactive (chk1-hyp)","reference":"PMID:20368354","type":"exact"}],"uniquename":"SJAG_01680:allele-2"},"SJAG_02266:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_02266","name":"rad24delta","uniquename":"SJAG_02266:allele-1"},"SJAG_02576:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_02576","name":"rad25delta","uniquename":"SJAG_02576:allele-1"},"SJAG_02771:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_02771","name":"rad1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_02771:allele-1"},"SJAG_03720:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_03720","name":"tel1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_03720:allele-1"},"SJAG_04287:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_04287","name":"cds1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_04287:allele-1"},"SJAG_04671:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_04671","name":"mrc1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_04671:allele-1"}},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":28,"community_curator":true,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Sho Okamoto","orcid":null}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2022-11-21","authors":"Furuya K, Niki H","authors_abbrev":"Furuya K et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2022-11-21 17:21:20","canto_curator_name":"Sho Okamoto","canto_curator_role":"community","canto_first_approved_date":"2022-11-21 17:21:20","canto_session_key":"5f68f94ee65a99b7","canto_session_submitted_date":"2022-11-21 17:21:13","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"Curr Genet 2012 Dec;58(5-6):291-303","cv_annotations":{"multi_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115230],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007790"},{"annotations":[115236],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000085"},{"annotations":[115233],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000088"}],"single_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115221,115222,115223,115224,115225,115226,115228,115229],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007782"},{"annotations":[115247],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007774"},{"annotations":[115246],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001690"},{"annotations":[115220,115227],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0007790"},{"annotations":[115245],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0004693"},{"annotations":[115234,115235,115240,115241,115242],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000085"},{"annotations":[115231,115232,115237,115238,115239],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000088"},{"annotations":[115243,115244],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0001234"}]},"doi":"10.1007/s00294-012-0384-4","gene_count":11,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_00364":null,"SJAG_00429":null,"SJAG_01205":null,"SJAG_01605":null,"SJAG_01680":null,"SJAG_02266":null,"SJAG_02576":null,"SJAG_02771":null,"SJAG_03720":null,"SJAG_04287":null,"SJAG_04671":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{"cds1delta":{"display_name":"cds1delta","display_uniquename":"cds1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04287:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"chk1-P470L-P470L-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type__rad24delta":{"display_name":"chk1-P470L(aa) rad24delta","display_uniquename":"chk1-P470L-P470L-amino_acid_mutation-expression-not_assayed_or_wild_type__rad24delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01680:allele-2","expression":"Not assayed or wild type"}]},{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_02266:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"chk1delta":{"display_name":"chk1delta","display_uniquename":"chk1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01680:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"chk1delta__crb2delta":{"display_name":"chk1delta crb2delta","display_uniquename":"chk1delta__crb2delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01680:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]},{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01205:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"crb2delta":{"display_name":"crb2delta","display_uniquename":"crb2delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01205:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"mrc1delta":{"display_name":"mrc1delta","display_uniquename":"mrc1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_04671:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"rad1delta":{"display_name":"rad1delta","display_uniquename":"rad1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_02771:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"rad24delta":{"display_name":"rad24delta","display_uniquename":"rad24delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_02266:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"rad25delta":{"display_name":"rad25delta","display_uniquename":"rad25delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_02576:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"rad26delta":{"display_name":"rad26delta","display_uniquename":"rad26delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_00429:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"rad3delta":{"display_name":"rad3delta","display_uniquename":"rad3delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_00364:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"rad9delta":{"display_name":"rad9delta","display_uniquename":"rad9delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01605:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"tel1delta":{"display_name":"tel1delta","display_uniquename":"tel1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_03720:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]}},"ltp_gene_count":11,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2012","pubmed_entrez_date":"2012-10-24","pubmed_publication_date":"Dec 2012","references_by_uniquename":{"PMID:20368354":null,"PMID:23090706":null},"terms_by_termid":{"FYECO:0000005":null,"FYECO:0000137":null,"FYECO:0000314":null,"FYPO:0000085":null,"FYPO:0000088":null,"FYPO:0001234":null,"FYPO:0001690":null,"FYPO:0004693":null,"FYPO:0007774":null,"FYPO:0007782":null,"FYPO:0007790":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000001":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000002":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000003":null},"title":"Hyphal differentiation induced via a DNA damage checkpoint-dependent pathway engaged in crosstalk with nutrient stress signaling in Schizosaccharomyces japonicus.","uniquename":"PMID:23090706"}


id: PMID:5315726
data:
  {"abstract":"","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Bulder CJ","authors_abbrev":"Bulder CJ","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Cell composition or WT feature","citation":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 1971;37(3):353-8","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"1971","pubmed_entrez_date":"1971-01-01","pubmed_publication_date":"1971","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Anaerobic growth, ergosterol content and sensitivity to a polyene antibiotic, of the yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus.","uniquename":"PMID:5315726"}


id: PMID:27059155
data:
  {"abstract":"In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Sp), Mid1/Dmf1 plays an important role in positioning the division site by inducing formation of the contractile ring (CR). Mid1, emanating from the nucleus located in the cell center, forms a dozen of nodes in the middle cell cortex ahead of mitosis, and actin filaments and myosin II accumulated at each node interact and assemble the CR in metaphase. Curiously, in another fission yeast S. japonicus (Sj), CR formation begins after nuclear segregation in late anaphase. Here, we investigated the role of S. japonicus Mid1 during mitosis to compare the molecular mechanisms that determine the cell division site in Schizosaccharomyces. Similar to Sp Mid1, Sj Mid1 often accumulated in the nucleus of interphase cells. Moreover, Sj Mid1 localized to cortical dots with myosin II in the future division site and formed a medial ring in mitotic cells. However, S. japonicus cells without Mid1 function still carried out symmetrical binary division. Therefore, the Mid1 dependency for positional control of the cell division site is possibly different between the two species. Meanwhile, we found that Sj Mid1 enhanced CR formation, in a manner possibly similar to that by Sp Mid1. ","alleles_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_01143:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_01143","name":"mid1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_01143:allele-1"}},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":3,"community_curator":false,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","orcid":"0000-0002-8138-6851"},{"annotation_count":1,"community_curator":false,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Val Wood","orcid":"0000-0001-6330-7526"}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2021-07-28","authors":"Yasuda T, Takaine M, Numata O, Nakano K","authors_abbrev":"Yasuda T et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2021-09-01 07:07:40","canto_curator_name":"Snezhana Oliferenko","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_first_approved_date":"2021-07-28 11:44:06","canto_session_key":"f86427f99db0ccf7","canto_session_submitted_date":"2021-07-28 11:44:00","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"Genes Cells 2016 Jun;21(6):594-607","cv_annotations":{"biological_process":[{"annotations":[115638],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:1903475"}],"cellular_component":[{"annotations":[115635],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:0005826"},{"annotations":[115636],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"GO:1990753"}],"single_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115637],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000729"}]},"doi":"10.1111/gtc.12368","gene_count":1,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_01143":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{"mid1delta":{"display_name":"mid1delta","display_uniquename":"mid1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_01143:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]}},"ltp_gene_count":1,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2016","pubmed_entrez_date":"2016-04-10","pubmed_publication_date":"Jun 2016","terms_by_termid":{"FYPO:0000729":null,"GO:0005826":null,"GO:0051329":null,"GO:1903475":null,"GO:1990753":null},"title":"Anillin-related protein Mid1 regulates timely formation of the contractile ring in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus.","uniquename":"PMID:27059155"}


id: PMID:28733403
data:
  {"abstract":"This protocol describes the use of electroporation to transform  Schizosaccharomyces japonicus  with plasmids or linear DNA. Plasmids are helpful for the complementation testing of mutations and for the expression of specific genes. Linear DNA fragments integrated into chromosomal DNA by homologous recombination are useful for gene deletion or to fuse a gene with a tag sequence (e.g., encoding a fluorescent protein). To introduce DNA into  S. japonicus , electroporation methods are recommended because  S. japonicus  is sensitive to lithium acetate (LiOAc).","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Aoki K, Niki H","authors_abbrev":"Aoki K et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Method or reagent","citation":"Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2017 Dec 01;2017(12):pdb.prot091850","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.1101/pdb.prot091850","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2017","pubmed_entrez_date":"2017-07-23","pubmed_publication_date":"01 Dec 2017","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Transformation of  Schizosaccharomyces japonicus .","uniquename":"PMID:28733403"}


id: GO_REF:0000058
data:
  {"abstract":"We have created a standard template for the definition of classes for the regulation of a biological process. This includes the definitions for positive and negative regulation. The equivalence axiom templates are \"GO:0065007 and 'regulates' some X\" (regulation), \"GO:0065007 and 'negatively_regulates' some X\" (negative regulation), and \"GO:0065007 and 'positively_regulates' some X\" (positive regulation), where X is a biological process.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO ontology editors","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Representation of regulation in the Gene Ontology (biological process) ","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000058"}


id: GO_REF:0000050
data:
  {"abstract":"Transitive assignment of GO terms to a gene based on a curator's judgment of its match to a sequence model,such as a Pfam or InterPro entry, that has manually curated GO annotations, mappings to GO terms, or a description from which GO terms can be inferred. A statistical model of a sequence or group of sequences is used to make a prediction about the function of a protein or RNA. Annotations are created when a curator evaluates the results, using criteria that include excluding false positives and ensuring that the annotation is accurate for all matches. Statistical scores (such as e values and cutoff scores) and the functional specificity of the model may also be (but are not always) considered. Annotations resulting from the transfer of GO terms use the 'ISM' evidence code and include an accession for the model from which the annotation was projected in the 'with' field (column 8).","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"PomBase curators","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Manual transfer of GO annotation data to genes by curator judgment of sequence model","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000050"}


id: GO_REF:0000052
data:
  {"abstract":"GO Cellular Component terms are manually assigned by curators studying high resolution confocal microscopy images of immunohistochemically stained tissue. The methodology uses antibody-based proteomics which combines high-throughput generation of affinity-purified antibodies with protein profiling in a variety of cells and tissues. Further information on the annotation methods can be found at http://www.proteinatlas.org/about/assays+annotation <br>Annotations are only exported to the GO Consortium if the localizations are supported by literature, according to the following validation grading:<br>Supportive - Subcellular localization supported by literature.<br>1) One/multiple localizations supported by literature.<br>2) Multiple localizations partly supported (at least one) by literature.<br>3) One/multiple localizations in cytoplasm (i.e. Golgi, mitochondria, ER etc) with literature supporting cytoplasmic localization. <br>Prior to February 2013, all Human Protein Atlas annotations were referenced by PMID:18029348 (Barbe et al. 2008 Mol. Cell Proteomics. 7:499-508), a paper describing the protein localization pilot study and methodology used by the Human Protein Atlas. However, it has been decided that these annotations are more correctly described by a GO reference.<br>Resource URL: http://www.proteinatlas.org <br>Protein subcellular localization images can be viewed on the Human Protein Atlas website, e.g. http://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000175899/summary#ifcelline","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Human Protein Atlas","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Gene Ontology annotation based on curation of immunofluorescence data","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000052"}


id: PMID:20737410
data:
  {"abstract":"Schizosaccharomyces japonicus is a fission yeast for which new genetic tools have recently been developed. Here, we report novel plasmid vectors with high transformation efficiency and an electroporation method for Sz. japonicus. We isolated 44 replicating segments from 12 166 transformants of Sz. japonicus genomic fragments and found a chromosomal fragment, RS1, as a new replicating sequence that conferred high transformation activity to Sz. japonicus cells. This sequence was cloned into a pUC19 vector with ura4(+) of Sz. pombe (pSJU11) or the kan gene on the kanMX6 module (pSJK11) as selection markers. These plasmids transformed Sz. japonicus cells in the early-log phase by electroporation at a frequency of 123 cfu/µg for pSJK11 and 301 cfu/µg for pSJU11, which were higher than previously reported autonomously replicating sequences. Although a portion of plasmids remained in host cells by integration into the chromosome via RS1 segment, the plasmids could be recovered from transformants. The plasmid copy number was estimated to be 1.88 copies per cell by Southern blot analysis using a Sz. pombe ura4(+) probe. The plasmid containing ade6(+) suppressed the auxotrophic growth of the ade6-domE mutant, indicating that the plasmid would be useful for suppressor screening and complementation assays in Sz. japonicus. Furthermore, pSJU11 transformed Sz. pombe cells with the same frequency as the pREP2 plasmid. This study is a report to demonstrate practical use of episomal plasmid vectors for genetic research in Sz. japonicus.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"Aoki K, Nakajima R, Furuya K, Niki H","authors_abbrev":"Aoki K et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","canto_triage_status":"Method or reagent","citation":"Yeast 2010 Dec;27(12):1049-60","cv_annotations":{},"doi":"10.1002/yea.1815","gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2010","pubmed_entrez_date":"2010-08-26","pubmed_publication_date":"Dec 2010","terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Novel episomal vectors and a highly efficient transformation procedure for the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus.","uniquename":"PMID:20737410"}


id: PMID:33791858
data:
  {"abstract":"Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathways regulate multiple cellular functions in eukaryotic organisms in response to environmental cues, including the dynamic remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. The fission yeast S. pombe is an optimal model to investigate the conserved regulatory mechanisms of cytokinesis, which relies in an actomyosin-based contractile ring (CAR) that prompts the physical separation of daughter cells during cellular division. Our group has recently shown that p38 MAPK ortholog Sty1, the core component of the stress-activated pathway (SAPK), negatively modulates CAR assembly and integrity in S. pombe during actin cytoskeletal damage induced with Latrunculin A and in response to environmental stress. This response involves downregulation of protein levels of the formin For3, which assembles actin filaments for cables and the CAR, likely through an ubiquitin-mediated degradation mechanism. Contrariwise, Sty1 function positively reinforces CAR assembly during stress in the close relative dimorphic fission yeast S. japonicus. The opposite effect of SAPK signaling on CAR integrity may represent an evolutionary refined adaptation to cope with the marked differences in cytokinesis onset in both fission yeast species.","alleles_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_00266:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_00266","name":"atf1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_00266:allele-1"},"SJAG_02592:allele-1":{"allele_type":"deletion","description":"deletion","gene_uniquename":"SJAG_02592","name":"sty1delta","uniquename":"SJAG_02592:allele-1"}},"annotation_curators":[{"annotation_count":4,"community_curator":true,"file_name":null,"file_type":null,"name":"Elisa Gómez Gil","orcid":null}],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"approved_date":"2021-09-14","authors":"Madrid M, Gómez-Gil E, Cansado J","authors_abbrev":"Madrid M et al.","canto_added_date":"2021-05-10 08:46:37","canto_annotation_status":"APPROVED","canto_approved_date":"2021-09-14 21:24:28","canto_curator_name":"Elisa Gómez Gil","canto_curator_role":"community","canto_first_approved_date":"2021-09-14 21:24:28","canto_session_key":"84ac20b0ff20a3cd","canto_session_submitted_date":"2021-09-14 16:45:32","canto_triage_status":"Curatable","citation":"Curr Genet 2021 Oct;67(5):715-721","cv_annotations":{"PSI-MOD":[{"annotations":[115408],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"MOD:00696"}],"single_locus_phenotype":[{"annotations":[115407],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0002998"},{"annotations":[115405,115406],"is_not":false,"summary":null,"term":"FYPO:0000107"}]},"doi":"10.1007/s00294-021-01155-6","gene_count":2,"genes_by_uniquename":{"SJAG_00266":null,"SJAG_02592":null},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{"atf1delta":{"display_name":"atf1delta","display_uniquename":"atf1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_00266:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]},"sty1delta":{"display_name":"sty1delta","display_uniquename":"sty1delta","loci":[{"expressed_alleles":[{"allele_uniquename":"SJAG_02592:allele-1","expression":"Null"}]}]}},"ltp_gene_count":2,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"publication_year":"2021","pubmed_entrez_date":"2021-04-01","pubmed_publication_date":"Oct 2021","terms_by_termid":{"FYECO:0000248":null,"FYPO:0000107":null,"FYPO:0002998":null,"FYPO_EXT:0000001":null,"GO:0120306":null,"MOD:00696":null},"title":"Negative control of cytokinesis by stress-activated MAPK signaling.","uniquename":"PMID:33791858"}


id: GO_REF:0000004
data:
  {"abstract":"Transitive assignments using UniProtKB keywords. The UniProtKB keyword controlled vocabulary has been created and used by the UniProt Knowledgebase (UniProtKB) to supply 10 different categories of information to UniProtKB entries. Further information on the UniProtKB keyword resource can be found at http://www.uniprot.org/docs/keywlist. <br>Further information on the UniProt annotation methods is available at  https://www.uniprot.org/help/manual_curation and https://www.uniprot.org/help/automatic_annotation.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GOA curators","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Comments","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000004"}


id: GO_REF:0000093
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  {"abstract":"We have created a standard template for classes describing the degradation of a chemical entity to or via an other chemical entity as biological processes. The underlying equivalence axiom templates are \"GO:0009056 and 'has input' some S and 'has output' some T\" (catabolism to) and \"GO:0009056 and 'has input' some S and 'has intermediate' some I\" (catabolism via), where S,T, and I are chemical entities (CHEBI:24431). The approach to combine GO and ChEBI has been described in the following publication: PMID:23895341.","alleles_by_uniquename":{},"annotation_curators":[],"annotation_details":{},"annotation_file_curators":[],"authors":"GO ontology editors","canto_curator_role":"JaponicusDB","cv_annotations":{},"gene_count":0,"genes_by_uniquename":{},"genotypes_by_uniquename":{},"ltp_gene_count":0,"ortholog_annotations":[],"paralog_annotations":[],"physical_interactions":[],"terms_by_termid":{},"title":"Representation for the degradation to or via a chemical as biological process in the Gene Ontology","uniquename":"GO_REF:0000093"}


id: GO_REF:0000033
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  {"abstract":"The Phylogenetic ANnotation using Gene Ontology (PAN-GO) method annotates evolutionary trees from the PANTHER database with GO terms describing molecular function, biological process and cellular component. The GO terms are manually selected by a curator and used to annotate ancestral genes in the phylogenetic tree using the evidence code IBA (Inferred from Biological Ancestor). All supporting annotations must be based on experimental data from the scientific literature. The PAN-GO annotations are fully traceable from the data in the 'with/from' column of the annotation, which provides the PANTHER node ID (PTN) from which the annotation is derived, as well as all descendants sequences that support the annotation of the ancestral node. 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